The ideological nature of fascism is based on palingenetic ultranationalism.
"Griffin’s definition of fascism can be boiled down to three words: “palingenetic populist ultra-nationalism.”39 Each of these terms needs explanation:
Palingenetic: From the Greek palin (again or anew) + genesis (creation or birth). It refers to a myth or vision of collective rebirth after a period of crisis or decline.
Populist: A form of politics that draws its claims of legitimacy from “the people” (as opposed, for example, to a monarchical dynasty or divine appointment) and uses mass mobilization to win power and transform society.
Ultra-nationalism: It treats the nation as a higher, organic unity to which all other loyalites must be subordinated. Ultra-nationalism rejects “anything compatible with liberal institutions or with the tradition of Enlightenment humanism which underpins them.”40"
(
http://sdonline.org/47/two-ways-of-looking-at-fascism/)
"Fascism seeks to promote more than mere patriotism, the love of one's country; it wishes to establish an intense and militant sense of national identity, which Charles Maurras (1868–1952), the leader of Action Française, called ‘integral nationalism’. Fascism embodies a sense of messianic or fanatical mission: the prospect of national regeneration and the rebirth of national pride. Indeed, the popular appeal that fascism has exerted has largely been based upon the promise of national greatness. According to Griffin (1993), the mythic core of generic fascism is the conjunction of the ideas of ‘palingenesis’, or recurrent rebirth, and ‘populist ultranationalism’. All fascist movements therefore highlight the moral bankruptcy and cultural decadence of modern society, but proclaim the possibility of rejuvenation, offering the image of the nation ‘rising phoenix-like from the ashes’. While fascism may be a revolt against modernity, it does not succumb to reaction or the allure of tradition. Instead, it fuses myths about a glorious past with the image of a future characterized by renewal and reawakening, hence the idea of the ‘new’ man. In Italy, this was reflected in attempts to recapture the glories of Imperial Rome; in Germany, the Nazi regime was portrayed as the ‘Third Reich’, in succession to Charlemagne's ‘First Reich’ and Bismarck's ‘Second Reich’."
(Andrew Heywood, Political Ideologies, Third edition)
So National Bolshevism focussed on a national rebirth based on the historical past of the Soviet empire when it was a superpower: a phoenix rising from the ashes.