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pusher robot
30th August 2007, 17:50
Is there any difference at all between an incentive and a punishment? I'm especially curious of the opinion of those who believe in the concept of "wage slavery." This seems to me to be one of the biggest sticking points between capitalists and communists.

Capitalists assume a base line of a state of nature, where "punishments" are sufferings beyond those that would be experienced in a state of nature and "incentives" are gains that would not be realized in a state of nature. Thus, in a capitalist society, "punishments" can only be inflicted for acts that directly hurt other people. Everything else must be accomplished via "incentives."

Often, however, critiques from communists appear to use an ideal utopia as a baseline, and characterize any failure to deliver on it is a "punishment." Thus, the employer is "punishing" the laborer by failing to offer a higher wage, rather than declining to provide an incentive as viewed by the capitalist. But if any failure to provide an incentive becomes a punishment, then surely the concept of "punishment" completely swallow up the concept of "incentives" and the concept of "incentives" is lost entirely. Agree or disagree?

jasmine
30th August 2007, 19:52
You seem to be a kind of right-wing mirror for the people who post here. You evaluate objectively without the encumbrance of emotion. It's all bulllshit, you and them. Neither of you are serious about understanding anything.

pusher robot
30th August 2007, 21:58
Originally posted by [email protected] 30, 2007 06:52 pm
You evaluate objectively without the encumbrance of emotion.
Is there any other kind of evaluation?

I guess I can reason by emotion if you want.

Premise: Communism makes me think of bad things, like famine and purges and gulags. This makes me feel sad.
Conclusion: Communism is bad.

JazzRemington
30th August 2007, 22:09
Often, however, critiques from communists appear to use an ideal utopia as a baseline

Actually, the state of nature theory is based on an ideal utopia. Either Hobbes or Locke said that the "state of nature" that their theories were based on has never existed and it's merely a metaphor.


and characterize any failure to deliver on it is a "punishment."

As for incentives and punishments, the term "incentive" is a more neutral term becuase there could be a positive or negative incentive. Punishment, on the otherhand, is always negative.

The only time it is punishment in a technical sense is if the bourgeoisie response to workers' attempts to gain improvements. There are lots of stories in various media about how whenever worker's begin demanding improvements in working conditions, or even talk about organizing, the firings begin.


evaluate objectively without the encumbrance of emotion. It's all bulllshit, you and them. Neither of you are serious about understanding anything.
:lol: And I suppose you are? Really, I never know that trying to study things objectively, scientifically, and empirically meant that we weren't serious about anything! It's the people who say things like, "People do things because they are selfish. Why else would A give something to B if A didn't perceive anything in return" who aren't serious about understanding material reality.

RGacky3
30th August 2007, 22:36
Thats an interesting situation, under Capitalism punishment is generally in the form of fireing and refusing benefits, whereas incentives are in the form of benefits and raises.

The point is, that as a Socialist, I believe the Capitalist should'nt be in the position to offer incentives or threaten punishments, because they have no right to.

Kind of like a king offering land to his people, or death, he has the ability to kill his people, he also has the ability to grant them land, but those are only his to grant or threaten because he has force behind him, not by any granted right.

Its not a problem of punishments or incentives, they are both bad because they both are controlled by the Capitalist, or in the State Socialist form, the government.

Dean
30th August 2007, 22:37
Originally posted by pusher robot+August 30, 2007 04:50 pm--> (pusher robot @ August 30, 2007 04:50 pm)Is there any difference at all between an incentive and a punishment? I'm especially curious of the opinion of those who believe in the concept of "wage slavery." This seems to me to be one of the biggest sticking points between capitalists and communists.

Capitalists assume a base line of a state of nature, where "punishments" are sufferings beyond those that would be experienced in a state of nature and "incentives" are gains that would not be realized in a state of nature. Thus, in a capitalist society, "punishments" can only be inflicted for acts that directly hurt other people. Everything else must be accomplished via "incentives."[/b]
You're assuming that punishments and incentives work inherantly as a direct and reasonable moral response without considering the psychological state of the punisher or giver. That is not what happens at all. Incentves / punishments usually don't recognize what the subject will feel and thus be inclined to do as response; in other words, the punishers and motivators are alienated from the people they affect in these ways.

Communism seeks to relieve this disassociation.. this results, in part, in an orientation interested in recognizing that incentives do this or that for this or that kind of person, or a specific person in general. Of course, we can never know anyone fully, but the point of communism is to focus on knowing others rather than competing with them.


Originally posted by pusher robot+--> (pusher robot)Often, however, critiques from communists appear to use an ideal utopia as a baseline, and characterize any failure to deliver on it is a "punishment."[/b]
I use human nature as a baseline. I think our social nature is clear, and from that all the associative nature of communism is explicable and viable. I don't believe in utopia; as Marx might say, I believe in "scientific socialism." I think we can start down a path of more association, less competition, less ignorace, and that we will because humans always fight oppression. Even when we accept oppression we seek forces to call oppressive so we can transfer that sense of oppression that we get from the initial source, which we accept.


pusher [email protected]
Thus, the employer is "punishing" the laborer by failing to offer a higher wage, rather than declining to provide an incentive as viewed by the capitalist. But if any failure to provide an incentive becomes a punishment, then surely the concept of "punishment" completely swallow up the concept of "incentives" and the concept of "incentives" is lost entirely. Agree or disagree?
Your initial point is flawed. We, or at least I, don't think failure to give adequate wages is punishment. I think it is simply a selfish, alienated act courtesy of capitalism.

You are trying to say that incentive and punishment aren't just similar concepts with opposite interests, but that they are - to a communist - the same thing; that they form a cohesive dichotomy where lack of incentive is always punishment and lack of punishment is always incentive. There is some truth to the concept that not punishing an action encourages that action, and not giving incentive dissuades. But that is not always true, and I don't think communists in general feel that it is always true either; our ideology certainly doesn't hinge on it. It should be noted that Marx said the vice he hated most was submission, so the "communists just blame capitalist for oppression" argument is false; Marx and communists in general recognize(d) that it is a social arrangement that both the oppressed and oppressors accept.


jasmine
You seem to be a kind of right-wing mirror for the people who post here. You evaluate objectively without the encumbrance of emotion. It's all bulllshit, you and them. Neither of you are serious about understanding anything.
Just because people have been pricks to you doesn't mean you should just troll, Jasmine, and I think it's especially unfair to judge us all at once. There are many, perhaps a majority, that try to analyse things without recognizing emotion (or at least claim that), but I hardly think that I'm one of them, among plenty others here.

I know you have a lot to offer, why don't you start doing that instead Jasmine? You're very intelligent, know a lot more about Marx than most here (including me), and you care. As much as people like to act like they don't change their minds when they talk to people like you, who aren't afraid to say what they see, they are wrong. And we certainly need more posters here who have compassion for humans rather than ideas.

Publius
30th August 2007, 22:43
I may not be right, be I FEEL right, and in the end, isn't that what really matters?

pusher robot
30th August 2007, 22:49
As for incentives and punishments, the term "incentive" is a more neutral term becuase there could be a positive or negative incentive. Punishment, on the otherhand, is always negative.

I guess the difference in my mind is the moral calculation: (I'm not arguing this is right or wrong, just that this is how people actually reason)
Incentives are morally neutral - or at least, its morality is entirely dependent on what is being incentivized. A person may offer or not offer an incentive to someone else for some morally neutral purpose however he sees fit. If he offers it, that's fine - if he doesn't, that's okay too. There's no moral obligation to offer incentives that run against self-interest, nor is there one to not offer incentives that run against self interest. If I offer you a million dollars or 10 cents to mow my lawn, neither is immoral. Likewise, the acceptance or refusal of an incentive is morally neutral - whether you agree to mow my lawn for a million dollars or not, or for ten cents or not, you are not doing anything immoral.

Punishments, on the other hand, are subject to moral scrutiny. A punishment is expected to be just - it must meet some kind of agree-upon criteria for justification, proportionality, and equity. If a punishment is meted out, the punisher is expected to have to morally justify the punishment on these kinds of terms.

So it seems to me there has to be a distinction between the two - otherwise, you have to either morally justify everything you don't do - an infinitely large set - or you don't have to morally justify the most cruelly unfair punishment, an obviously undesirable situation. As I explained before, I believe that capitalism draws the line based on the baseline of the state of nature - which, while hypothetical, is definitely not a utopia. Even if this dividing line is rejected, I would expect that there would still have to be some distinction made somehow.

Demogorgon
31st August 2007, 04:11
Originally posted by pusher [email protected] 30, 2007 04:50 pm
Is there any difference at all between an incentive and a punishment? I'm especially curious of the opinion of those who believe in the concept of "wage slavery." This seems to me to be one of the biggest sticking points between capitalists and communists.

Capitalists assume a base line of a state of nature, where "punishments" are sufferings beyond those that would be experienced in a state of nature and "incentives" are gains that would not be realized in a state of nature. Thus, in a capitalist society, "punishments" can only be inflicted for acts that directly hurt other people. Everything else must be accomplished via "incentives."

Often, however, critiques from communists appear to use an ideal utopia as a baseline, and characterize any failure to deliver on it is a "punishment." Thus, the employer is "punishing" the laborer by failing to offer a higher wage, rather than declining to provide an incentive as viewed by the capitalist. But if any failure to provide an incentive becomes a punishment, then surely the concept of "punishment" completely swallow up the concept of "incentives" and the concept of "incentives" is lost entirely. Agree or disagree?
I doubt proper capitalists assume a baseline of a state of nature. They are rather more concerned with the here and now. The difference between real capitalists and capitalisms more starry eyed adherants is that real capitalists know that capitalism is a socio-economic state of affairs that exists right now (and they rather like it) rather than the idealistic vision of some kind of society not based on actual material conditions that the starry eyed adherants believe in.

The truth is capitalism does not have anything to do with a baseline of the "state of nature" becasue such a thing never existed. It is a rhetorical invention by social contract theorists to justify their views. You will notice that eh of them described an entirely different kind of state of nature that conveniently suited the kind of society they were trying to justify.

Much as nobody ever signed a social contract, there was never any kind of state of nature. Early society varied depending on local circumstances and government grew organically, often for not vert noble reasons, and certainly not to solve nay problem caused by a state of nature. COnsequently there is no baseline you can measure against. You have to look at the world as it is. Wage Slavery exists because some people have control of capital and the rest of us have to work for them if we want to get by. THere is no choice in the matter for us.

pusher robot
31st August 2007, 15:02
Much as nobody ever signed a social contract, there was never any kind of state of nature. Early society varied depending on local circumstances and government grew organically, often for not vert noble reasons, and certainly not to solve nay problem caused by a state of nature. COnsequently there is no baseline you can measure against
That doesn't make any sense at all. Why does something have to exist for us to make a comparison to it? Explain to me why a baseline can not be theoretical.


THere is no choice in the matter for us.
You only think that's the case because you don't like the other options. Your position is extremist: the only choice you're willing to accept is your ideal choice. Well, you can't always get what you want.

JazzRemington
31st August 2007, 15:46
Explain to me why a baseline can not be theoretical.


Well, what good is basing theories on something that doesn't or never existed? If I were a fascist, I could base my theories on the fact that fuzzy, pink bunnies came down from Mars in prehistory and told some people to work and others to lead. I could build entire empires based on this theoretical theory. If you don't have a realistic baseline that actually existed or exists, then you can make up anything you want to support even the worst of theories and you'll probably end up with unrealistic conclusions.

The point is to study human beings in material reality as they exist. What good is using something to study them with that never existed?

jasmine
31st August 2007, 21:05
Is there any other kind of evaluation

Yes there is, in fact the posssibility of reasoning from a none-emotive basis does not exist - since (to explain to a simpleton) we all, and that includes even you, have emotions.

You really are just like these people.

Demogorgon
1st September 2007, 00:28
Originally posted by pusher [email protected] 31, 2007 02:02 pm
That doesn't make any sense at all. Why does something have to exist for us to make a comparison to it? Explain to me why a baseline can not be theoretical.

Okay in that case, I want the baseline to be the society of Elves in the Lord of The Rings, that was great, they all lived forever and all that. If you can't get capitalism to work like that it is no good :rolleyes:

You only think that's the case because you don't like the other options. Your position is extremist: the only choice you're willing to accept is your ideal choice. Well, you can't always get what you want.Well what are the other alternatives? Having no source of income or becoming a capitalist yurself, in the unlikely event you can pull it off. Smashing.

Neither are acceptable. The fact is it is possible to change society to the extent people do not have to sell their labour to susrvive without buying others Labour. You want to frame the debate in such terms that we an only discuss keeping the society you want. You desire to claim it is the only posisble system while refusing to examine alternatives.

pusher robot
1st September 2007, 05:34
Originally posted by pusher [email protected] 31, 2007 02:02 pm
That doesn't make any sense at all. Why does something have to exist for us to make a comparison to it? Explain to me why a baseline can not be theoretical.

Okay in that case, I want the baseline to be the society of Elves in the Lord of The Rings, that was great, they all lived forever and all that. If you can't get capitalism to work like that it is no good :rolleyes:
Your position is still silly! You are in effect arguing that I cannot point to a horse and say that it is not a unicorn, because since unicorns have never existed, we can't use the concept of "unicorn" as a baseline to evaluate horses against. You would also have to accept the argument that since perfect justice is impossible and has never existed, we have no idea what justice is because there is nothing but a theoretical baseline to judge whether or not something is just.

Whether or not it is a good baseline is entirely irrelevant to whether it is theoretical.


Well what are the other alternatives? Having no source of income or becoming a capitalist yurself, in the unlikely event you can pull it off.

You could become a professional, for one - not a capitalist but not a wage slave either.


You desire to claim it is the only posisble system while refusing to examine alternatives.

I am open to alternatives, but none have ever been clearly articulated to me. I won't simply accept on faith that your ideal society will happen "somehow." In the absence of concrete ideas, I am literally left with no alternative.

Demogorgon
1st September 2007, 13:43
Originally posted by pusher [email protected] 01, 2007 04:34 am
Your position is still silly! You are in effect arguing that I cannot point to a horse and say that it is not a unicorn, because since unicorns have never existed, we can't use the concept of "unicorn" as a baseline to evaluate horses against. You would also have to accept the argument that since perfect justice is impossible and has never existed, we have no idea what justice is because there is nothing but a theoretical baseline to judge whether or not something is just.

Whether or not it is a good baseline is entirely irrelevant to whether it is theoretical.


Think what you are saying! Yu are saying reward/punishment can be measured against a state f nature. Hence if capitalism works better than this state of nature it is good. Yet you acknowledge yourself that this state of nature is imaginary. You are saying capitalism is good, because it is better than an imaginary society that exists inside your head. That is utterly inadequate.
You could become a professional, for one - not a capitalist but not a wage slave either.Becoming a professional? That never occurred to me, I am only doing that by accident. But a professional still sell their labour. They will tend to have less surplus value extracted from them than a non professional, but they are still selling their labour as opposed to living directly off it. There are one class of people that neither sell their labour, nor rent others an they are people like hermits/monks/other members of religious orders etc. And a society ain't going to work if everyone does that.

I am open to alternatives, but none have ever been clearly articulated to me. I won't simply accept on faith that your ideal society will happen "somehow." In the absence of concrete ideas, I am literally left with no alternative.You are unwilling to consider anything else. If you don't feel anything has been clearly articulated here, you are certainly able to find ideas elsewhere. Some people like David Schweickart for example, have gone into incredible detail articulating how an alternative could work for example. Whether that is a good idea I don't know. Theoretical models have a tendency to fall down in contact with reality, as the difference between capitalism in theory and capitalism in practice shows, but certainly in terms of how we understand economics to work just now, his model is workable at least as a transitory programme.