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The Feral Underclass
23rd May 2006, 16:51
I'm interested to know, from the description here, what people think of affinity groups? Are they effective or devisive? Should it be an encouraged form of resistance or is it something that can only be used in the future? Should it be hierarchical or not?


Affinity groups challenge top-down decision-making and organizing, and empower those involved to take creative direct action. Affinity groups allow people to "be" the action they want to see by giving complete freedom and decision-making power to the affinity group.

Affinity groups by nature are decentralized and non-hierarchical, two important principles of anarchist organizing and action. The affinity group model was first used by anarchists in Spain in the late 19th and early 20th century, and was re-introduced to radical direct action by anti-nuclear activists during the 1970s, who used decentralized non-violent direct action to blockade roads, occupy spaces and disrupt "business as usual" for the nuclear and war makers of the US.

Affinity groups have a long and interesting past, owing much to the anarchists and workers of Spain and the anarchists and radicals today who use affinity groups, non-hierarchical structures, and consensus decision making in direct action and organizing.

http://aia.mahost.org/dec_affinity.html

The Feral Underclass
24th May 2006, 16:31
I'd be interested to hear what non-anarchists have to think about this?

apathy maybe
7th June 2006, 09:45
I wonder how you can ask if they should be hierarchical or not. I see affinity groups sort of like how the `mythical' anarchist army would be organised. Decentralised, non-hierarchical, broad decisions made by a consensus method (or if that fails a –1 or –2 consensus).

Before a group goes in to action, they hopefully would have trained together and know how each of them would react in a certain situation. They will be willing to look out for each other.

In the action, depending on the group, if a decision needs to be made, they might have a decision maker who makes split second decisions who everyone respects and is willing to follow.

After the action, the group will discuss what went good and what went bad, then again with other groups.


I see affinity groups, small cells of people who know and trust (and hopefully like) each other as a great action tool. The cops have to worry about orders from on high, the activists can split and run and merge into the crowd.

I see them having a part in any action involving more then 2 people. Even with only two people they sometimes have a part.

Shoplifting, graffiti, bomb making, mass protests, small protests, dumpster diving, are all areas where people need to know and trust their comrades.

bcbm
7th June 2006, 11:42
I think they're good for minor actions like protests or graf, but for anything more serious you should try to work solo whenever possible. Betting 40 years of your life on somebody else keeping their trap shut is risky, no matter how much you think they're "down."


dumpster diving, are all areas where people need to know and trust their comrades.

Eh? Dumpster diving is pretty much the most low risk activity I can think of, I've often gone with total strangers.

apathy maybe
8th June 2006, 06:46
OK so dumpster diving is on the low risk end of the scale. But I honestly think that it is better to go into a protest or situation like that with someone who will try and get you out of trouble.

Say your getting arrested, it would be nice to have someone (some people) who were able to pull you off and get you away from the cops.

Even things at the higher end of the risk scale (assassination), having a look out is better then not.

Crews can get more things done then individuals, imagine an individual trying to hijack a plane.

Having people who you know and trust and who know and trust you and each other, this is very important in so many areas of leftist activating.

Even handing out propaganda it is nice to have someone to talk to.

EusebioScrib
9th June 2006, 00:33
RAAN, while encompassing collectives and affinity groups is almost like one large affinity group if you look at it.

Affinity groups are, as I see it, the best way for revolutionary organizing. Tactically and ideologically.

Philly RAAN is an affinity group which is meeting a lot of success.

The idea should be that affinity groups will be like autonomous cells of a network. Philly RAAN is an autonomous cell of RAAN, and in the future we would like to see various affinity groups throughout the city. They can respond quickly and easily to local situations and all can come together quickly and easily when massive support is needed. It's a win win situation.

Enragé
9th June 2006, 01:07
well i like the idea very much, cant really see what anyone can have against it.

Though you would really have to agree on some sort of program/set goals or else the affinity group would just die out due to just being too fucking vague

Nachie
9th June 2006, 06:10
Affinity groups are fetishized by many as being the "ultimate" form of organization, or even the only one in line with anarchist principles. Usually this line of thinking contrasts informal affinity groups - which often last only for the duration of an action - with "formal" collectives that exist independent of the actions they have planned. This line of reasoning most commonly extends into critiques of platformism, obviously.

The silly thing about fetishizing any organizational form is that it locks you into a particular configuration that may not always be the best for whatever project you're trying to pull off. Particularly at this stage in the game, we need to be involved in natural and fluid alliances that are capable of realigning themselves to meet the challenges they are faced with. This "common sense" or "natural method" approach is essentially what Scrib just described as the driving force of RAAN. However we also have some rather specifically defined principles, which addresses NewKindofSoldier's very valid remark that "vagueness" will lead to the death of any affinity group as a permanent formation in the long-term (which they are not usually designed for).

A lot of the time what people call "affinity groups" are just cliques (social and otherwise) spontaneously collaborating on a project that one person wouldn't have been able to pull off. There's no reason to call this an "affinity group", it's just people coming together to do something. Calling it an "affinity group" or formalizing its presence beyond the actions it can physically manifest will create certain pressures and unnecessary drama if the affinity group ever finds itself to be "disbanding". Of course, this is a problem equally faced by the formalized "collective" method of organization. The trick to making impermanent formations such as affinity groups effective lies in giving them a wider project with which to affiliate their decentralized action, a la RAAN.

rioters bloc
9th June 2006, 15:26
i like the idea of affinity groups, but i've found that it doesn't work as well in practice. i've done actions with different affinity groups and for the duration of the action it's been great. and sometimes i'd do another action with the same affinity group because i liked their politics/methods/etc.

when it started to get messy is when they'd badger me to go to their collective meetings and stuff. sometimes i'd go, and sometimes i'd be busy with other forms of activism that were just as important to me. the badgering annoyed me, as the whole reason i liked affinity groups was that they were non-binding, they were fluid, you had control of the amount of input you had and correspondingly what you got out of it. obviously if you didn't go to the collective meetings you had less input so you had less ability to whinge if shit wasn't going your way. and if things weren't how you wanted them to be, then you could just fuck off and do stuff with other affinity groups.

if the non-bindingness and non-hierarchy and stuff is adhered to, i love em.

Nachie
9th June 2006, 17:38
Autonomy! :D

OneBrickOneVoice
9th June 2006, 18:32
how can you be organized without being centralized or hirachial

Nachie
9th June 2006, 18:38
It just magically happens if you try hard enough :lol:

Usually you're going to need some kind of "points of unity" that people can agree to as a starting point, and from there independently decide and act on the depth and nature of their affiliation. Control of a large project should never be centralized because only local organizers can create relevant strategies and organizational formations to deal with their specific local context.

Enragé
11th June 2006, 03:17
Originally posted by [email protected] 9 2006, 03:33 PM
how can you be organized without being centralized or hirachial
which is exactly what cappies ask when you talk about the reality of communism.

Its about debate, discussion, defining your organisation together. If the organisation becomes larger you discuss local things locally, appoint someone to bring across the opinion of the local group in an assembly of someones who do the same (aka "representatives" ;) ) to decide regional/national/etc stuff.

nothing really centralized about that.

Problems however would arize if the majority of the local groups would want something which concerns the entirity of the local groups, but some dont.
To say then to that minority "Fuck it, you just do what the majority wants" is a shitload fairer than the minority saying to the majority "Fuck y'all, im doin my own stuff" and thereby condemning the whole org to apathy or to doing something the majority does not want.
Would this be democratic centralism? (the first, in my opinion best, option)
is there a way around this?
@nachie or any other anarchist/autonomist marxist whatever

Nachie
11th June 2006, 03:31
Originally posted by [email protected] 11 2006, 12:18 AM
Problems however would arize if the majority of the local groups would want something which concerns the entirity of the local groups, but some dont.
I don't see why this would be a problem. Assuming we're still talking specifically about affinity groups, voluntary disassociation would probably take place at the individual or regional level. It's worth noting that very few affinity groups are affiliated to larger (like for instance, nation-wide) projects in the first place, though I believe that it multiplies their effectiveness exponentially when they are. :ph34r:

If you can come up with an example of something like this in real life (just as a hypothetical problem) I could then do my best to hazard a guess at how a group like RAAN would go about dealing with it. Generally speaking though, there just aren't that many issues that would need to infringe on regional autonomy or the alliance comprised of such groups assuming that mutual respect had been the foundation of it from day one. A lot of the "splits" in the movement are over semantics and non-issues that really shouldn't even be paid attention to.

There is also the consensus method for group decision making, which is a formalized approach with specific rules and procedures (maybe a good topic for a separate thread). I'm not a huge fan of it because I think meetings are fucking boring, but it definitely works. The most successful large campaigns tend to use a mix of these techniques depending on the situation.

Enragé
11th June 2006, 03:43
Assuming we're still talking specifically about affinity groups

ah yeh i wasnt really. My mind spun offtopic to my nr 1 objection to anarchism :P


just as a hypothetical problem

i was actually thinking post rev. My number one concern (actually about the only one i can really think of right now) with autonomism is that an area with important natural resources outranks an area of fuckin wasteland.

For example
Area X has Y resource which is a matter of life and death for an entire region/"country"/continent.
X could just say at some point in time "screw you guys, you aint gettin any Y untill we're getting what we want"(which could be anything from more cars to bigger houses to less work etc) which would lead to X becoming way more powerful than any other autonomous area, thereby fucking the whole thing up. The other areas couldnt do anything about it since infringing on X's autonomous freedom would be like Lenin sending the Red Army to get food from the peasants at gunpoint.

talk about offtopic :unsure:


voluntary disassociation would probably take place at the individual or regional level

in other words the group disintegrates.

OneBrickOneVoice
11th June 2006, 04:04
which is exactly what cappies ask when you talk about the reality of communism.

No they ask what's the motivation for working.



Its about debate, discussion, defining your organisation together. If the organisation becomes larger you discuss local things locally, appoint someone to bring across the opinion of the local group in an assembly of someones who do the same (aka "representatives" ;) ) to decide regional/national/etc stuff.

Appoint?? Who has the authority to do that? It's easier said than done. how does the assembly work? Assemblies that make decisions for us are hiarchial.

The problem is that everyone here is working as a little sect and if they all need to act on something or need to trade as a unit it would be a disaster.

Enragé
11th June 2006, 04:08
Appoint?? Who has the authority to do that? It's easier said than done. how does the assembly work? Assemblies that make decisions for us are hiarchial.

the local group has that authority

its not hierarchical up untill the problem is described in that post since the representative is merely the spokesperson of that local group, he has no option to do what he wants, just to do what the local group appointed him to do.
Zapatistas do this.

Nachie
11th June 2006, 04:12
Originally posted by [email protected] 11 2006, 12:44 AM
For example
Area X has Y resource which is a matter of life and death for an entire region/"country"/continent...

Well the only thing I can think of that would really match that description is water, which of course is a serious issue right now especially in the Middle East, so let's use that as the example. If this doesn't sit well with you or you want to run through some other possibilities for "Y", let me know.


The other areas couldnt do anything about it since infringing on X's autonomous freedom would be like Lenin sending the Red Army to get food from the peasants at gunpoint.
But X would be denying Y's right to life, and it's inconceivable that they would be able to so tightly regulate and restrict the flow of an essential commodity without themselves istituting some form of hierarchal governing body that would be counterrevolutionary in and of itself. That is the most important part to keep in mind.

Assuming Y remains non-hierarchal and socially cooperativist, of course they would then seek to force X to give them access to water. But I doubt that they would replicate the design of the Bolshevik regime in doing so, and therefore any violence against X would not be institutionalized and cannot be compared to Lenin's dictates, even if in the short term they manage to force the same type of redistribution.


talk about offtopic :unsure:
Hehe word. The short answer is of course that if Marx refused to make a blueprint for post-capitalist society, why the hell are you expecting one out of me now? :P


in other words the group disintegrates.
Well in the case of an affinity group, it was more than likely designed only as a temporary formation in the first place.

In the case of post-revolutionary society, we would hopefully be doing things based entirely off of mutual aid and voluntary association, so there would be no "group" to "disintegrate" just because you didn't share you legos, or whatever.

And in the case of a group like RAAN, I also don't see why we would disintegrate. Let's for example say that a chapter on one coast wants to make green and black RAAN flags, and a chapter on the other wants them to be red and black. This is a non-issue because there is no need for an "official" network flag or even a body with which to institute such a thing, and so each autonomous chapter would be encouraged to create its own symbols of resistance as apply to their own specific context. The end result is we would have both green anarchist and anarcho-syndicalist flags flying in representation of the same united principles, so this diversity is immensely positive. If that example is too simplistic for you, please make up another one, or as many other ones, as you want.

As I mentioned above, what groups need to survive is not just mutual respect, but some sort of underlying principles to make sure that the ultimate ideological compatibility between active parts is recognized as a given.

OneBrickOneVoice
11th June 2006, 04:44
the local group has that authority

its not hierarchical up untill the problem is described in that post since the representative is merely the spokesperson of that local group, he has no option to do what he wants, just to do what the local group appointed him to do.
Zapatistas do this.

Wait...what?? I don't understand you? Are you saying that they elect the spokespeople to meet in a national/regional/community assemblly. Sounds cool.

Wait though, how would it be assured that the spokesperson does what the public wants? In America the 'Senators' and 'congressmen' are supposed to be doing the exact same thing yet they don't. Explain.

Nachie
11th June 2006, 06:35
Zapatista "government" is localized to a degree where representatives can be held personally acountable in many cases. Also the positions rotate regularly.

If you'd like to learn more about the Zapatistas, I suggest A Commune in Chiapas? (http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1894925076/002-3856332-1137603?v=glance&n=283155) by Aufheben.

The full text is available online somewhere but I'm too lazy to find it for you right now :P

Enragé
11th June 2006, 23:41
If this doesn't sit well with you or you want to run through some other possibilities for "Y", let me know.

well water is a good example. But even things like oil which arent exactly life threatening to go without but would make stuff a lot more difficult. Area X could then demand certain things from the other Areas in exchange, since they are so important (or rather, the stuff they're sitting on is important)


But X would be denying Y's right to life, and it's inconceivable that they would be able to so tightly regulate and restrict the flow of an essential commodity without themselves istituting some form of hierarchal governing body that would be counterrevolutionary in and of itself. That is the most important part to keep in mind.

not completely necessary since the whole group (X) could decide out of self interest to do this.


Assuming Y remains non-hierarchal and socially cooperativist, of course they would then seek to force X to give them access to water.

as in marching on X with the workers militias? OK. But isnt that what lenin did to the farmers? People were dying in the cities so he took the red army to get the food any way they could. Ofcourse the red army wasnt a workers militia nor did any workers council have anything to say in the matter, but still.


The short answer is of course that if Marx refused to make a blueprint for post-capitalist society, why the hell are you expecting one out of me now?

haha well yea i think thats one of Marx's big flaws. I get the reasoning behind it, but still. Talking about how this system sucks and how we can/will revolt is one thing, but without a suitable alternative we might just end up with the USSR all over again.


Let's for example say that a chapter on one coast wants to make green and black RAAN flags, and a chapter on the other wants them to be red and black. This is a non-issue because there is no need for an "official" network flag or even a body with which to institute such a thing, and so each autonomous chapter would be encouraged to create its own symbols of resistance as apply to their own specific context. The end result is we would have both green anarchist and anarcho-syndicalist flags flying in representation of the same united principles, so this diversity is immensely positive. If that example is too simplistic for you, please make up another one, or as many other ones, as you want.

well one chapter starts killing leninists for real, as in right now. Blows up the headquarters of the CPUSA etc. What then?


Wait though, how would it be assured that the spokesperson does what the public wants? In America the 'Senators' and 'congressmen' are supposed to be doing the exact same thing yet they don't. Explain.

basicly what nachie said, they can be held accountable and recalled at any moment (correct me if im wrong but this is actually what trots say about the inner working of their organisations..which got me to be somewhat of a trot in the first place...the whole problem is that for some reason it always goes wrong, and the scale of it going wrong has a direct link to the size of the org)

Nachie
12th June 2006, 00:54
Originally posted by [email protected] 11 2006, 08:42 PM
well water is a good example. But even things like oil which arent exactly life threatening to go without but would make stuff a lot more difficult. Area X could then demand certain things from the other Areas in exchange, since they are so important (or rather, the stuff they're sitting on is important)
Hopefully an awareness of this potential problem would lead to more decentralized methods of energy creation such as hemp seed oil cultivation or whatever... this should all have been part of the communist revolution in the first place (fingers crossed)


not completely necessary since the whole group (X) could decide out of self interest to do this.
Well, I still think this would depend highly on their ability to create hierarchies capable of enforcing this. Even the Zapatistas, for instance, are militarily organized in a hierarchal fashion for their own self-defense.

Even so, ok let's assume that they did. The autonomous community of X decides to starve Y for whatever reason. Disregarding all other options such as Y moving to a different location with more abundant resources, they would probably go to war.

I think it's important to note however that the war would be over X's creation of a state (or as Perlman would say, a leviathan) rather than a material shortage of resources that could only be resolved through violence. In primitive communism this might have happened, but in developed communism?


Ofcourse the red army wasnt a workers militia nor did any workers council have anything to say in the matter, but still.
But still what? That's the whole point! haha


haha well yea i think thats one of Marx's big flaws. I get the reasoning behind it, but still. Talking about how this system sucks and how we can/will revolt is one thing, but without a suitable alternative we might just end up with the USSR all over again.
The question lays in tactics. The successful tactics will self-replicate and become the foundation for a post-revolution society. Tactics imposed by a hierarchy will produce a hierarchal society. The "suitable alternative" we're looking for is in the physical functioning of horizontalist movements against capitalism. To the extent that they are successful, they set up infrastructure with which to support themselves - the new in the shell of the old, etc.


well one chapter starts killing leninists for real, as in right now. Blows up the headquarters of the CPUSA etc. What then?
Well the first thing that would probably happen (assuming everybody doesn't get arrested right off the bat) is that myself and many others would come out and say that that was an "unscrupulous" (this is the word used to describe such actions in our principles) action. This statement would be made "in adherence to RAAN", not "by RAAN", and would be signed by individuals. This is because it seems that what you describe would amount to terrorism and the killing of totally innocent and dedicated people. Now, if the offices were blown up at night or if only a specifc party member was targeted for whatever reason, that might be different!

(Just as an interesting aside, the defendants in the Auburn case have actually been accused of plotting to firebomb CPUSA offices in the name of the ELF)

Continuing with your example, there are a lot of variables that I cannot even begin to hypothesize about, so I can't give you a 100% ironclad account of what would happen. My guess is that some people would voluntarily disassociate from and criticize the network, others might not but continue to be critical of the actions, some people might even join us at that point, and (assuming that they were the most active group at that time) whatever clandestine cell was responsible for the actions would continue to define the majority of the network's existence through their actions, though only to be considered alongside the statements condemning them. If it was clear that it was a completely murderous terrorist attack of no strategic value, or if there was reason to believe that it was in fact carried out by COINTELPRO, it's not inconceivable that the "real" network, or at least the above-ground network, would just ignore it competely. Remember, RAAN isn't "membership based", it's "action based". We don't "exist" except as affiliated actions in time, so CPUSA bombings might actually inspire a rash of similar attacks against non-Leninist targets by those seeking to "re-center" the network's overall focus. It would be up to the autonomous RAAN affiliates to create new actions to overtake the precedent set by the attacks. These would probably even involve some creative responses such as above-ground collectives engaging in various forms of solidarity work with the CP in their area (assuming they'd accept us, heh).

This specific example ultimately comes down to the question of if it is possible for underground and overground sections to work together? We have some inspiring examples such as the MST in Brazil, and then we also know from what happened with the Black Panthers that comrades involved in above-ground work should NOT be involved in illegal activity, as this is also "unscrupulous" in terms of the wellbeing of the overall project. More recently, we know that the SHAC 7 were convicted simply for reporting on illegal actions taken in solidarity with their campaign, so we really have to learn from and adapt to that. If you see the RAAN website, there are disclaimers and everything is reported on from a detached and objective viewpoint, for informational purposes only. And there's a reason for that.

The reality and complexity of this issue is well-known to RAAN and we do not encourage people to join us unless they have an understanding of the ultimate risks. At the same time, we believe that the joint construction of underground and above ground projects in solidarity with each other is an amazing thing and we will continue to push forward with this model until circumstance forces something to change, simply because like everything else in the network, we're building it from the ground up and we can't imagine any other way to do it.

Enragé
12th June 2006, 21:46
Hopefully an awareness of this potential problem would lead to more decentralized methods of energy creation such as hemp seed oil cultivation or whatever... this should all have been part of the communist revolution in the first place (fingers crossed)

so...you want decentralization of the means of production as well?

wouldnt that be kinda

a) difficult
b ) counter-productive?


I think it's important to note however that the war would be over X's creation of a state (or as Perlman would say, a leviathan) rather than a material shortage of resources that could only be resolved through violence

then we could end up with a war of the communes
not exactly the ideal communist society...



but in developed communism?

why not?


But still what? That's the whole point! haha

:blush: true


Well the first thing that would probably happen (assuming everybody doesn't get arrested right off the bat) is that myself and many others would come out and say that that was an "unscrupulous" (this is the word used to describe such actions in our principles) action. This statement would be made "in adherence to RAAN", not "by RAAN", and would be signed by individuals. This is because it seems that what you describe would amount to terrorism and the killing of totally innocent and dedicated people

ok true.


We don't "exist" except as affiliated actions in time, so CPUSA bombings might actually inspire a rash of similar attacks against non-Leninist targets by those seeking to "re-center" the network's overall focus. It would be up to the autonomous RAAN affiliates to create new actions to overtake the precedent set by the attacks.

well the problem here is then that there is no single unified RAAN, which means that you might end up with either near-reformists or full fledged "terrorists" which would make it kind of...well...unactractive to join.
Ever noticed how trot orgs get alot of members? (at least untill people notice at least some are authoritarian as hell)


It would be up to the autonomous RAAN affiliates to create new actions to overtake the precedent set by the attacks. These would probably even involve some creative responses such as above-ground collectives engaging in various forms of solidarity work with the CP in their area

Again, you would end up with some RAANists bombing the CP, and others working with it, which would generate a bit of well...confusion

chimx
13th June 2006, 03:21
Again, you would end up with some RAANists bombing the CP, and others working with it, which would generate a bit of well...confusion

at this point in time, i prefer confused flexibility to dogmatic rigidity.

barista.marxista
13th June 2006, 04:24
well the problem here is then that there is no single unified RAAN, which means that you might end up with either near-reformists or full fledged "terrorists" which would make it kind of...well...unactractive to join.

Reformism doesn't match with the P&D, so reformists could never be a part of RAAN. And should terrorism become a popular method of resistance... well, I wouldn't mind if it was in the style of the early Red Brigades. But, as Nachie said, should someone blow up a CPUSA office, the majority of RAAN participants would probably come out against the action, and their duty would be to create new actions to "recenter" RAAN. But, also, as of now this is a non-issue, and speculation isn't really productive.

Enragé
14th June 2006, 13:45
Originally posted by [email protected] 13 2006, 12:22 AM


Again, you would end up with some RAANists bombing the CP, and others working with it, which would generate a bit of well...confusion

at this point in time, i prefer confused flexibility to dogmatic rigidity.
i think they both suck


Reformism doesn't match with the P&D, so reformists could never be a part of RAAN

it was a hyperbole, but i think you get what i mean that you could end up with two very different wings of a group still having the same name, and that this would generate a lot of confusion


But, also, as of now this is a non-issue, and speculation isn't really productive.

i was not speculating the RAAN would do this. I was giving an example of problems facing any autonomist structure in certain circumstances

On the issue of terrorism yes or no; in my opinion, when small scale violent direct action ("terrorism") is necessary, justified, it cannot possibly be small scale, since it is only necessary, good to the cause when you have the support of many...and that would mean that you could just march on the capital or just organize militias. In cases where you do not have the support of many, it is detrimental to the cause because it alienates, and small scale groups performing acts of violence in secret decrease the open-ness of the movement and themselves are prone to hierarchism (is that a word? :P)

in short
when terrorism is necessary, it is no longer terrorism
and when it is terrorism, it isnt necessary, it is detrimental to the cause.