afnan
2nd August 2005, 20:22
Speech given by Dr. Fidel Castro Ruz, President of the Republic of
Cuba, at the official function commemorating the 52nd anniversary of
the assault on the "Moncada" and "Carlos Manuel de Cespedes"
garrisons in the Karl Marx Theatre, July 26, 2005.
Dear people of Havana who, by your selfless, tenacious efforts and
in hard-fought competition with the inhabitants of Villa Clara,
Matanzas, Cienfuegos, Camagüey and Granma, won the right to hold
this official function here in the capital: I congratulate you all.
Fighters of yesterday and today:
Distinguished guests:
Dearest fellow Cubans:
I thank our generous and heroic people for the privilege of
commemorating this anniversary of the assault on the "Moncada"
and "Carlos Manuel de Cespedes" garrisons when so much time has
passed since those events took place. It could be that no one has
even received such a great honor. It would be unforgivable not to
keep in mind that more than 70 percent of the Cubans who today keep
the Revolution alive had not even been born back then. They took the
banners which, I think, they will never drop, from those who gave
their lives in that action. I dare to say thank you on my behalf and
on behalf of all of them, because on my conscience lies the enormous
weight of having persuaded them to undertake such a bold action and
yet fate has not prevented me from traveling the long, long road of
revolutionary struggle down to this emotional moment 52 years later.
The Revolution today is experiencing a moment worthy of that
memorable date.
The months preceding the 52nd anniversary of the beginning of our
armed struggle for Cuba's final independence have characterized by
an exceptional degree of hostility directed by the Bush
administration against Cuba. The Nazi-Fascist extreme right that has
taken control of the Empire has not ceased to brood over its
powerless hatred of our country. We should remember that May 20,
2002 when, at a meeting with the Miami terrorist mob, Bush demanded
with unprecedented insolence that Cuba get a new constitution which
would renounce the socialist nature of the Revolution. Those
attending that meeting included Orlando Bosch Avila, a bosom friend
of that family dynasty, and the main culprit behind the mid air
destruction of the Cuban plane just minutes after it took off from
Barbados where all of the passengers died.
Cuba's response to the imperial demand were enormous mass
demonstrations all across the country in support of a draft
amendment of the constitution, finally passed unanimously by the
National Assembly of People's Power on June 26, 2002, stating that
the socialist nature of the Revolution and the political and social
system enshrined in the Constitution were irrevocable.
The atrocious September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on New York's Twin
Towers had already happened.
Under pressure from that mob which had helped him win the presidency
through a scandalous fraud, for more than four years, Mr. George W.
Bush and his cronies did not cease for one minute from adopting
cruel, hate-filled measures to destabilize and pound on Cuba and to
try to do away with its independence and its people's right to a
truly human and fair political system.
Hideous resolutions were passed to tighten the blockade and
suffocate Cuba's economy. Hundreds of thousands of Cubans living in
the United States were forbidden to visit their relatives in Cuba;
they could only get permission to do so once every three years;
family aid was reduced to almost nothing; the agreements on illegal
immigration were breached; proposals for cooperating in such crucial
areas as drug and persons trafficking and to hinder and prevent
terrorist acts were rejected. Also, slanderous allegations rained
down. Cuba was labeled a terrorist country. They made up insane lies
about biological weapons production, plans to use electronic warfare
to interfere with US government communications and other such
things, the objective being to find excuses for a genocidal attack
against our country, like they one they later launched in Iraq.
It is common knowledge that Bush's cronies set up a big committee to
plan all the details of what they call "transition" in Cuba. This
committee drafted a gruesome plan which included vaccination
programs and literacy campaigns when the whole world knows that
Cuba's health and education plans are much better than those in the
United States and any other country in the world.
I couldn't help mentioning these things which are only a small
sample of the series of attacks on Cuba by US governments and of all
these governments, the Bush administration represents the
incarnation of the most repugnant, evil hatred for a heroic, decent
people which is not cowed nor can be intimidated by the powerful
empire's threats and attacks.
One of Bush's most cynical measures was to use the Guantanamo naval
base, which the Unites States occupies illegally against our
people's will, to set up a concentration camp where he locks up,
without trial or any kind of legal process, those whom he kidnaps
anywhere in the world. And to top it all, that prison was turned
into an experimental center of torture, the same as those later
applied in the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.
An article in the October 17, 2004 edition of The New York Times
admitted that abuse of prisoners in the Guantanamo naval base
is "generalized and not limited to isolated cases as official
versions claim". Quoting soldiers, secret agents and other
officials, the newspaper described "a series of highly abusive
procedures which continued over a long period of time". The world
was amazed and shocked to hear about these unbelievable facts.
Democratic senator Joseph Biden, of the Foreign Relations Committee,
said that the Guantanamo naval base had become the "greatest
propaganda tool that exists for recruiting of terrorists around the
world". Former president Jimmy Carter urged the Bush government to
close the prison because the accusations of torture there are
a "terrible embarrassment and a blow to the US reputation".
On September 13, 2004, the British newspaper The Guardian revealed
that "the highest levels of George W. Bush's administration were
informed of the bad treatment and possible war crimes at the base in
the Fall of 2002", according to an investigative report by veteran
journalist Seymour Hersh included in his book Chain of Command.
When visiting this torture center, a US member of Congress of Cuban
descent, known in our country as the Big Bad She-wolf, a friend and
defender of Posada Carriles, told the press that "she wished the
Cuban people had the rights that the detainees in Guantanamo are
given".
Another of Mr. Bush's cynical actions is the constant, increasing
radio and television attacks on our people that violate the most
elementary standards regulating the use of radio and TV frequencies
and is in breach of international law.
The US government has invested vast amounts of money to no avail in
this crazy, failed exercise.
In addition to its actions from outside, Bush and his mob have
invested in excess one hundred million dollars to promote subversion
and destabilization inside Cuba. More than any other US
administration it has used that country's Interests Section in Cuba
to do this. There was a time, years ago, when subversion and
espionage were carried out rather discretely but in Bush Jr. truly
gangster-like era, all standards have been thrown overboard.
Disgusting characters like James Cason, following the instructions
of Otto Reich, Roger Noriega and other unscrupulous officials, have
gone beyond the limits of basic decency and carried out
unprecedented provocations inside our country.
The heads of the Interests Section have assumed direct leadership of
the groups of mercenaries that, by various methods and under various
pretexts, are provided with high personal incomes in convertible
currency which, in a country like Cuba where services such as
healthcare and education are totally free and others like housing,
recreational activities, medicines and a significant portion of food
cost a virtually symbolic amount in Cuban pesos, means that those
who have convertible currency can enjoy a living standard far higher
than that of Cubans who are paid their salaries and pensions in
domestic currency.
There is no country in the world where the empire's mercenaries
enjoy the privileges they do in Cuba. None of them works or does any
useful service whatsoever for society. The US Interests Section
offices and residence in Cuba, protected by diplomatic immunity,
have become the venues for meetings to organize provocations,
facilitate communications and openly give orders to mercenaries
inside the country.
And none of this is done surreptitiously. The Interests Section's
diplomatic pouch is brazenly used to smuggle in computers,
communications equipment, printed materials, libelous articles and
all kinds of objects and goods to give to their hirelings. Never,
perhaps, has any government so abused and offended its diplomatic
status and immunity as the US government by writing signs and
exhibiting offensive placards attacking our country.
When, for some reason or other, they don't want to be directly
involved in this type of activity, they use their Czech or some such
lackeys to carry out these extremely rude acts.
Our Interests Section in Washington and our officials have never,
ever, used their diplomatic immunity for such illegal and disgusting
acts.
In the last few days, while our people were working tirelessly to
clean up the damage caused by Hurricane Dennis —tens of thousands of
homes fully or partially destroyed, breaks in the electricity
transmission and distribution grid, major damage to agriculture and
other branches of the economy— the US government stepped up its
subversive radio and television broadcasts to Cuba by increasing the
frequency of illegal, provocative flights by the EC-130J aircraft
which transmits the anti-Cuban radio and television signals.
The first broadcast from a US armed forces aircraft took place on
none other than May 20, 2003, a date in history singled out for
imperialist interference in Cuban affairs. Later on, from August
2004 onwards, once the loathsome "Transition Plan" allocating
millions of dollars for radio and television broadcasts attacking
Cuba was approved, the US government began four-hour transmissions
from the military aircraft every weekend. In so doing, it has not
only interfered with our television broadcasts, but has grossly
violated international telecommunication standards while posing a
dangerous provocation because of the military nature of the aircraft
which has been previously used by the United States in actions
against Viet Nam, Afghanistan and Iraq.
This past July 13, less than three weeks ago, five days after the
hurricane had blown through the south, central and western regions
of our country with its enormous power of destruction, the US Air
Force transferred two EC-130J aircraft from the 193rd Special
Operations Wing in Pennsylvania to the Naval Air station in Key
West, Florida. One of these planes flew consecutively on Friday July
15, Saturday 16, Monday 18, Wednesday 20, Friday 22 and Saturday
23, broadcasting counterrevolutionary broadcasts in an escalation
of provocation and aggression.
It was only six days after the hurricane and information about its
devastating effects was still being collected.
Thus, in less than a year, there have been 46 broadcasts from the
military aircraft while the daily broadcasts on nine frequencies,
from the aerostatic balloon, have continued. These, and
transmissions from other counterrevolutionary stations add up to
2,425 hours and 45 minutes of anti-Cuban radio and television
broadcasts.
It is significant that, prior to the current escalation, the United
States carried out three exploratory flights with RC-135 aircraft on
Saturday April 30 and on May 7 and 14, 2005, at the same time the EC-
130 was broadcasting to our country, their possible intention being
to test the effectiveness and the parameters of our response to this
television attack. It had been years since RC 135s had taken any
action against our country.
While the US administration, which so furiously imposes the
genocidal blockade on our country, in an entirely hypocritical and
shameless way "compassionately" offered Cuba 50,000 USD to alleviate
the damage caused by the hurricane, the lawmakers who support the
Bush government policies, introduced a bill in Congress that would
allocate 37,931,000 USD for the fiscal year 2006 and 29,931,000 USD
for the fiscal year 2007, for anti-Cuban broadcasts. According to
the wording, the purpose of the bill is "to buy, rent, build and
improve radio and television reception and transmission facilities
and to buy, rent and install the necessary equipment, including
aircraft, for radio and television reception and transmission".
There has even been talk that they might purchase Boeing type
aircraft that use technology similar to that of the EC-130J for
future broadcasts to Cuba and they also want still more money to buy
airtime on radio stations in the area close to our country.
The escalation in anti-Cuban broadcasts is happening in the midst of
public disagreement between the Departments of State and Defense
over whether to use military aircraft to broadcast to Cuba or to
transfer them to the Middle East. The outcome shows that Condoleezza
Rice's position and the aggressive plans of the US administration,
which stem from the pressure of, commitments to and influence of the
Miami terrorist mob, have prevailed.
Dazed and delirious, a former spokesperson for the Cuban-American
National Foundation and also one of Posada Carriles' defenders has
just brazenly announced on Miami television that Venezuela's
solidarity aid to Cuba to alleviate the effects of the
hurricane "consists of a few thousand tons of masts to block US
transmissions, equipment to rebuild the masts used for this type of
jamming and the technology needed to establish repression".
Such an abhorrent vision prevails in the US extreme right which is
now also threatening to begin radio and television broadcasts to
Venezuela, as a response to Telesur and to the Venezuelan
government's solidarity with Cuba.
According to Florida Republican Congressman Connie Mack, who
introduced an amendment on this, "the Broadcasting Board of
Governors could be authorized to initiate radio and television
broadcasts similar to Radio and TV Martí's current broadcasts to
Cuba".
With the same intensity as that shown by the White House in stepping
up its electronic warfare, local radio and TV stations in Miami go
to a lot of trouble to convey an image of crisis and chaos in Cuba
where an unsustainable situation will lead to social upheaval.
Whosoever listens to those media terrorists would be
inevitably "convinced" that the Revolution has only a few hours
left, which shows that these people never learn the lessons of
history.
There have also been one or two foreign correspondents in Havana who
have been swept up, consciously or unconsciously, by the current of
provocation and treachery.
At almost the same time on July 13, only five days after the
hurricane, about twenty members of the small groups I mentioned,
shouted out insulting slogans as they walked outside the "Hermanos
Ameijeiras" hospital. They were using the pretext of the tugboat
accident that happened 11 years ago, which caused the regrettable
death of a number of people including women and children, for which
the Revolution was infamously blamed; the tug had been hijacked by
armed persons at the dock where this type of vessel ties up. This
provocation elicited an immediate, angry response from those living
nearby and from hospital workers, which meant that the provocateurs
had to be given protection by the authorities.
I should give a little more background. When the country was
involved in a historic battle for justice with the Empire as it
denounced the covert entry of Posada Carriles —he and Orlando Bosch
were responsible for the deaths of 73 people in the well-known
Barbados tragedy— into the United States, under the protection of
the Cuban-American mob and US authorities, and demanded his arrest
and extradition to Venezuela, the Interests Section was working
frantically to organize a so-called Assembly to Promote a Civil
Society in Cuba officially convened for none other than May 20, a
shameful, ill-starred date in our history. The whole thing was
cooked up and funded by the US government.
Cuba's denunciation made on April 11 and the meeting in Havana of
outstanding people from all over the hemisphere to demand the
terrorist extradition to Venezuela and to denounce "Operation
Condor" and the monstrous crimes committed by US soldiers with the
US government's complicity —especially when Bush Sr. was head of the
CIA and later US vice president coinciding with the dirty war
against Nicaragua and the Iran-Contra scandal— put the Bush
government and its main accomplices in a tight spot.
Before the Barbados terrorist act, Orlando Bosch and Posada
Carriles, who took part in "Operation Condor", were given the
responsibility for planning and organizing serious crimes against
well-known Chileans and people from other Latin American countries.
It was obvious that the USINT (US Interests Section) and its
hirelings aim was to orchestrate an act of provocation against the
authorities of the Cuban Revolution in order to divert international
attention from the scandalous conspiracy and complicity between Bush
Jr. and the hemisphere's biggest terrorist that Bush had taken out
of jail in Panama and allowed to enter the United States.
This so-called "Assembly to Promote a Civil Society in Cuba" was
graced with the presence of the head of the US Interests Section and
it even received a personal message from Bush and terrorist groups
in Miami. Even Posada Carriles himself, who had not been arrested
yet, sent his greetings and support to the "Assembly to Promote a
Civil Society in Cuba". All information on and the impact of this
grotesque meeting are on record and in due time will be made
available to the public. The fact is that the Revolution's
equanimity and sang froid wrecked this ridiculous maneuver but not
without a great effort to contain the anger of the people living
nearby who could not understand our tolerance of this mercenary,
traitorous meeting.
When, this past July 22, all efforts were focused on rebuilding the
country, "civil society's defenders" —emboldened by the seeming
impunity of their adventures, cheered on by the Interests Section
and greatly encouraged by the almost daily flights and broadcasts
from the military aircraft with their subversive messages, plus the
belief spread by the Miami mob that they were on the point of
packing their bags because the Revolution was about to collapse—
plucked up their courage to orchestrate a new act of provocation.
But, this time the people, angrier than before over such barefaced
acts of treason, intervened with patriotic fervor and didn't allow a
single mercenary to move. And this is what will happen whenever
traitors and mercenaries go a millimeter beyond the point that our
Revolutionary people, whose destiny and lives are at stake in this
stand-off with the most voracious, most inhuman and most cruel
empire in history, is willing to accept.
The much publicized dissidence or alleged opposition in Cuba does
not exist except in the overheated imagination of the Cuban-American
mob and White House and State Department bureaucrats. They deceive
themselves or intoxicate themselves with their own lies. They pay
opportunists, people divorced from all productive activity or useful
service, often vagrants and frequently underclass or criminals who
do not have anyone's esteem or support. Over and over again
situations arise in which the authorities have to protect them when
these people try to orchestrate some act of provocation; then the
first thing the Interest Section does is to invite the foreign
press.
The same thing happened when they invaded the country with armed
mercenaries, many of whom were former Batista backers, assuming that
the people would instantly rise up against the Revolution. Nobody
knows these people in Cuba, they live off publicity abroad. The
terrorist mob and the US government shamelessly take advantage of
the facilities which Cuba has provided so that many international
press agencies and correspondents can live in and send reports from
Cuba without any restrictions whatsoever so that they can move
around and act with complete freedom. Some in fact do so in total
complicity with the US Interests Section in order to misinform and
deceive the world about what happens in Cuba. Everyone knows full
well that no revolutionary process has ever had the consensus and
overwhelming support and trust that the Cuban Revolution has because
of its steadfastness and fidelity to its principles and because of
the gallantry, internationalist spirit and solidarity of the Cuban
people.
It would be much better if the Empire did not allow itself to be
carried away by illusions that might lead it to more serious
mistakes, because nothing that has happened elsewhere will be
comparable to what would happen here to anyone who tries to take
control of Cuba.
A long time ago now, more than a century ago, Maceo warned
them: "They will only reap her blood-soaked soil, if they do not
perish in the strife". Today we could add: "They would not even
reap the dust of her soil, and they would have to shed much more
blood than anywhere else on the planet". This we swear!
I don't want to let this occasion pass by without raising some other
issues of great importance to our people.
During the first six months of this year, the country had to face a
complex situation brought about by the drought, the power shortage
and, most recently, the consequences of Hurricane Dennis.
The enemies of the Revolution, as I have already explained, have
jubilantly tried to use these events to show that Cuba is going
through a serious economic crisis. They never learn and are once
again underestimating our people's capacity to resist and struggle.
The sound growth that our economy has started to display since last
year has increased during the first half of 2005, as I can show with
some irrefutable figures which confirm this and I will now read out:
During the first half of the year the Cuban economy grew by 7.3% and
an increase of around 9% is expected by the end of the year, as a
result of the positive tendencies that have been observed.
This performance, recorded up until June, is based on the increase
of 13 of the 22 sectors of the industry, among which ferrous
metallurgy stands out with 15.5%, non-ferrous metallurgy with 9.2%;
printing with 21.7%; the garments industry with 7.0%; the food
industry with 3.6% and the beverage and tobacco industry with 4.4%.
Construction work increased by 8.2%, the communication sector by
7.1%, commerce by 10% and the public service sector by 13.3%.
The equivalent production of national crude oil and gas turns out
around one million 900 thousand tons, that is to say, four times
more than what was produced at the beginning of the special period.
At the moment, a significant effort is being made to drill and set
underway new oil and gas wells that will put the country closer on
its way to self-sufficiency in terms of the energy sector.
Crude refining increased by 9.2%, making way for a saving of 29
million 700 thousand dollars on the total amount of refined
products, when compared to their international prices. Fuel
consumption, on the other hand, stayed at similar levels to the year
before.
The production of electricity fell by 4% due both to the breakdowns
in the electricity generating plants, and to the extension of their
maintenance periods, which affected production and service, as well
as the population.
In order to maintain these plants, the hard currency resources to be
invested until December 2005 have doubled, exceeding the sum of 100
million USD.
A program is underway to improve the country's power supply, with an
additional 50 million USD to be invested in this program, 34% of
this investment has been made in the first five months.
This program will make it possible to reduce the total loss in power
distribution from approximately 16.5% to 11%, and increase the
quality of the service.
A profound revolution is underway with respect to the concept of
production and the use of electricity. Equipment and material worth
282 million 100 thousand USD have been bought and are currently
being installed, which, within a year, will provide us with a
million more kilowatts of electricity.
I am using the US dollar here so that it is easier to understand the
cost in convertible pesos. This aforementioned figure of new
capacities of electricity production will be supplemented by 200
thousand kilowatts generated by a new combined cycle plant and a
currently out of use thermoelectric plant adapted to consume
accompanying gas. This new capacity, on top of the saving of no less
that one million kilowatts which will be made possible by investing
more than 250 million USD, will make available to production,
services and family units twice the electricity they have now,
starting on the second semester of 2006.
Along with the problem of electricity, it has been necessary to
resolve the need for domestic fuel. Personally, as President of the
Council of State and of the Government, I dedicate a significant
part of my time to this problem, so what I said is not an
exaggeration, as rather I speak with circumspection, keeping some
things up my sleeve.
More that 3 million 100 thousand pressure cookers, 3 million 500
rice steamers, 3 million 100 thousand electric pressure cookers, 3
million 800 thousand electric hobs and one million 100 thousand 12-
inch fans have also been purchased.
More than 5 million 300 thousand gaskets for refrigerators, 650
thermostats and 7 million gaskets for coffee makers have also been
bought. This range of equipment and accessories, which are already
being distributed in a gradual and attentive manner, will continue
to be handed out during the second half of the year, as planned.
More than 100 million USD are being invested in the pharmaceutical
industry. Production in this sector is steadily growing.
Work is underway to expand and remodel the factories producing soy
bean yogurt, gradually increasing its production capacity to one
million liters a day.
Work is being done and money invested in order to process 25
thousand tons of drinking chocolate a year. It is estimated that the
level of production for the remainder of the year is 12 tons to be
distributed among the population.
As part of the program of quality coffee production, 30 packaging
machines, 2 new roasters and the replacement of 7 mills, which have
already been ordered, are to be introduced and assembled in the
plants currently functioning. In August distribution will commence
in some provinces, in accordance with the established capacity.
In order to expand, guarantee and ensure the storage of cereals and
legumes, the construction of capacities is underway for half a
million tons of top quality metallic silos.
Work is also underway to expand the production capacity of pasta.
The current industries pertaining to the People's Power will be
expanded in order to produce noodles and 15 similar new factories
will be constructed.
Two new pasta factories will be built on the sites of the former
mills "Noel Fernández" in Camagüey and "Marta Abreu" in Cienfuegos.
A new pasta production line will be installed in the Vita Nuova
factory, producing 750 kilograms an hour, and the Buona Sera factory
in Santiago de Cuba will be subject to modernization.
The total capacity will be 70 thousand tons of different varieties
of pasta.
The purchase of two new cocoa processing plants is anticipated, each
with a capacity of 25 thousand tons.
Besides satisfying national needs, this decision will allow us to
produce high quality cocoa butter for export, as well as other cocoa
derivatives.
As part of the policy to improve our people's diet, a program is
implemented to increase egg production. The aim is to reach an
output of more than 2.2 billion eggs by 2006.
A series of investments has been decided upon to increase the
availability of pork meat. Work is being done to recover the
capacity of pork production, with a view to reaching a total
production of 80 thousand tons of meat, in live animals, by 2006 and
to preparing conditions to reach 100 thousand tons by 2007.
The areas of protected and semi protected crops will be considerably
expanded in order to produce high quality vegetables for both
national consumption and export.
During the first half of the year, nickel production reached 38
thousand 200 tons, which is an increase from the year before. This
export was the most important source of income for the country in
terms of the export of goods, amounting to 545 million USD in the
first half of the year.
The number of people visiting the country until June 30 had
increased by 8%, and it is anticipated that this year the number of
bookings will reach 2 million 300 thousand.
The income from the tourist sector increased by 11.5% compared with
the year before, with a linear occupation level of 66.9%.
During 2005, 4 new hotels are scheduled to begin operations, which
will contribute one thousand 921 rooms to the international tourist
sector.
The electronics industry is doubling its production of software and
televisions.
In this half of the year, the production of cement and steel rods
increased by 20.8% and 5%, respectively.
With a view to responding to the most urgent needs to increase our
building capacity, investments have been approved which are now
being made to the tune of 62 million USD, which will increase the
production of sand by 51%, stone by 74%, blocks by 59% and floor
materials by 49%.
Currently, 7 thousand 300 homes have been completed in 2005. During
the remaining months of this year the majority of homes partially
affected by Hurricane Dennis will be repaired; no less than 10
thousand of the homes destroyed will be built again as new and the
plans to finish and construct new homes to cover the most urgent
requirements will continue, up to at least 30 thousand additional
housing.
The material required to build a total of 100 thousand new homes in
2006 has already been or is in the process of being ordered, which
will be by far the highest number in our history. This figure does
not include a high number of repairs. Everything will depend on our
efforts.
From 2003 until May 2005, the country was in the grip of the worst
drought on record. The economic impact of this is estimated at more
that 1.2 billion USD.
To deal with this, until 2004, 183 million USD were invested in
hydraulic works, and this year it is calculated that an additional
60 million will be used.
It has also been necessary to invest more than 70 million USD in
current expenditure, which includes 28 thousand tons of diesel and
14 thousand tons of gasoline, with the specific aim of taking water
to the affected population, which exceeded 2 million 500 thousand
people at the most critical times, distributing water by trucks to
almost 2 million people.
In order to keep the economy healthy, it is essential to revitalize
railway transport, which was seriously affected during these years
of the special period. The special period and the blockade imposed
by the United States dealt a harsh blow to railway transport, close
to the point of collapse.
This year around 40 million USD are being urgently invested in
railway freight transport. Actually, 32 freight cars have been
repaired, while 18 locomotives and almost a thousand more cars
should be restored to working order in the next few months to
transport dry goods and cement for the works of the Battle of Ideas
and the program for the construction of housing.
Presently, 12 new locomotives were bought from China that will
arrive this November.
The amount cargo transported by railway rose by 47,900 tons in
comparison to the first half of last year.
As for freight transport by motor vehicle, 486 trucks that were out
of service have been repaired and are up and running.
In the first half of the year, the Ministry of Transport vehicle
fleet transported 66 thousand 100 tons more than in the same period
of 2004.
Port equipment, metal for railway tracks and equipment and spare
parts for trucks have been purchased or are in the process of being
purchased for 15 million USD.
One thousand modern busses for long distance transport, with fuel
efficient engines have been ordered from China. 200 have already
arrived in the country and are being used in areas where they are
most needed. It is calculated that this year busses will transport
almost 3 million more passengers than anticipated.
Inevitably, it will be imperative to review the fares, since the
high cost of fuel and equipment will make it impossible to provide
this service at the historically charged prices.
In the healthcare sector, investments received a significant boost
during the first six months, which could never have happened in the
past. The 448 rehabilitation wards that the country required were
all completed.
Major repairs have been made to 123 polyclinics. Of the 444 existing
polyclinics, almost all are now equipped with electrocardiographs,
396 have, for the first time, been given ultrasound equipment with
three transducers, and 115 have new X-ray equipment. All of them
will be equipped with endoscope facilities; every one of them now
has 4 computers and a library, and 368 are connected to the Internet.
Since January 2004, 118 intensive therapy wards have been created in
the municipalities that did not have it, where until February 2005,
42 thousand 561 patients had been provided care, the lives of 13,025
of whom were saved, that is to say, 92% of those who were at risk of
death.
The dental clinics have been equipped with 851 new dentists' offices.
More than 50 hospitals are currently being renovated, expanded and
equipped to offer excellent services to both national and foreign
patients. The program began in 2004 with an estimated cost of 835
million USD, which includes the latest equipment valued at
approximately 400 million USD.
Among the high-tech equipment that we now have at our disposal, is
the 27 one-slice CT equipment, with which all the provinces of the
country are now equipped, 9 other 64-slice equipment, 8 of magnetic
resonance imaging and 8 of three-dimensional ultrasound, which are
being used for the first time in Cuba.
This program comes hand in hand with the construction of 44
buildings offering hospital accommodation, which will provide a
total of 6,886 rooms. Numerous three and four-star hotels will also
be used in the provision of an international health service.
The country is now able to operate and provide services in all
branches of ophthalmology to hundreds of thousands of patients. One
hundred thousand Venezuelan brothers and sisters will receive theses
services this year, in which, until yesterday, July 25, 25,024
patients from said country and a similar number of Cubans had been
operated on.
No less than 15 thousand citizens of the Caribbean community will
receive this form of medical care between the second half of June
2005 and June 2006. Venezuela and Cuba have offered to provide
another 100 thousand Latin Americans with this service within the
same period. This is a feat of solidarity and humanity unprecedented
in the history of the world.
The educational revolution that our country has been carrying out in
the heat of the Battle of Ideas has brought about an increase in
quality that is also unprecedented in the educational and learning
process.
In this sector, major repairs have been made to 111 large schools
and work continues on 56 more, as well as on 5 Pedagogical
Institutes.
Major repairs also began on 25 polytechnics for computer sciences,
with a capacity for 40 thousand students, as well as 15 senior high
schools in the province of La Habana, of the 40 that will receive
this repair work. The cost of these programs amounts to more than
120 million USD.
Additionally, 118 Youth Computer Clubs were completed in the first
six months of this year, at a cost of 21 million USD.
At the end of the present academic year, 1,197 works had been
completed by the program for the Battle of Ideas, which benefit
503,174 students. Major repairs are being made to 16 Special Sport
Schools, at a cost of over 14 million 600 thousand USD; one has
already been completed, while work is still underway in another 113.
Meanwhile, 20 more university chapters were established in prisons,
with some 590 students.
As proof of the potential of our economy, in May the minimum wage
went up from 100 to 225 pesos, benefiting 1,657,191 workers that
account for 54% of state employees, costing an annual total of 1.06
billion Cuban pesos. At the end of the first half of the year the
average wage rose to 334 pesos, from 282 at the end of 2004.
In July wages rose in the healthcare and education sectors, which
benefited 857 thousand 400 workers, at an annual cost of more than
523 million Cuban pesos.
In the Social Security sector the pensions of 1,468,000 people went
up, just over 97% of the total number of pensioners.
In the area of Social Assistance, 476, 512 people benefited from an
increase of 50 pesos monthly. Both measures annually cost 1.19
billion Cuban pesos.
These actions have benefited 4.4 million people, which accounts for
30.9% of the population, at an annual cost of 2.78 billion Cuban
pesos. Wages continue to increase gradually in other sectors.
The export of goods and services grew by 26.3% in the first six
months of the year as compared to the same period in 2004.
The favorable balance in the trade of services managed to compensate
for the imbalance of the exchange of goods, resulting in a modest
positive balance in the trade figures, even higher than the year
before.
With regard to the export of goods, nickel stands out for its
importance, as do generic and biotechnological medication, tobacco
and raw sugar, insofar as the services sector, medical and tourist
services play a decisive role.
These results are achieved in the midst of a process of reorganizing
foreign commerce, in which the number of companies authorized to
import goods decreased from 192 to 89 and in which 67% of all the
country's imports are concentrated on 23 entities, also reducing the
participation of middlemen by 26% over the last two years.
In response to an economic policy which ensures that social
interests and the fundamental priorities of the country are met, a
set of measures has been adopted in the monetary sector, aimed at
strengthening the national currency. By mid 2003 the US dollar
ceased being used in inter-company transactions and an exchange
control system was established in the Central Bank for external
operations. In November of 2004, in response to the threats made by
the United States Government, the US dollar was also withdrawn from
circulation in the chain of hard currency shops and a fine of 10%
was applied to the exchange of this currency, a measure which was
instituted offering maximum facilities to the population and without
affecting their bank deposits.
At the beginning of this year, these actions were complemented by
the act of revaluing the Cuban peso, with respect to the Cuban
convertible peso, by 7%, with which the purchasing power of the
Cuban peso increased in the chain of hard currency shops.
Additionally, the Cuban convertible peso was revalued by 8% with
respect to the US dollar and other hard currencies.
These measures have strengthened our monetary sovereignty and have
brought about a greater equality between the social strata who
receive income in different currencies. Now all currencies in
circulation are issued by the Central Bank of Cuba, unlike in the
past, when a part of it was issued by the monetary authority of a
country that has imposed an iron blockade on Cuba.
Some practical effects of this have been: an increase in savings
made in Cuban pesos of 32%, compared to September of last year,
which reflects a stronger credibility of the national currency; a
rise in the ratio of deposits made in Cuban convertible pesos from
the total amount of hard currency savings accounts, going from 20%
to 50%; and a significant increase in the hard currency received by
the Central Bank.
In this way it was possible to substantially reduce the
participation of the dollar in the country's total inflow of hard
currency in cash. In the past, the participation of the US dollar
exceeded 90%, whereas now it maintains a rate of around 30%, which
basically reduces the risk caused by threats made by the United
States Government.
This year a rational centralization of decisions concerning the use
of hard currency has been established. Authorization for these
transactions must be obtained before obligations are contracted,
which has led to a more effective process of contracting and a
greater commitment to honoring the payment. Furthermore, this has
contributed considerably to the fight against crime and corruption.
It has also helped to make important decisions to get rid of the
commercial middlemen that are not representative in international
commerce, whose activity brought about a disproportioned increase in
the prices of the goods and services that the country purchases
abroad.
By way of this process, the State's hard currency income was
concentrated in the Central Bank, thus increasing the possibility of
using it, which has notably strengthened the negotiating capacity of
the socialist State, with the resulting benefits in commercial and
financial management. It has also made it possible to rigorously
fulfill the obligations created by the new external financial
commitments and the renegotiated debt, which has allowed us to
access new credit facilities in more favorable conditions.
Finally, as part of the agreements emanating from ALBA, an affiliate
of a Cuban bank has been opened in Venezuela and the creation of an
affiliate of a Venezuelan bank in Cuba has been given the go-ahead.
For the first time since the beginning of the special period, in
2004 the balance of day-to-day operations was surplus, due mainly to
the notable increase in the services exported. A more favorable
result drawing from a higher income for services rendered is
anticipated for the present year.
It is calculated that by June 30, sales in hard currency shops will
have reached a figure 6.1% higher than that of the year before.
The agreement between the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the
Republic of Cuba, signed in accordance with the principles of ALBA,
means a considerable step forward on the way to unity and the true
integration of the peoples of Latin America and the Caribbean. The
Petrocaribe agreement is another extraordinary advancement and a
true example of fraternal solidarity among peoples.
The commercial exchange between Venezuela and Cuba has already risen
this year to no less than 3 billion USD.
Both countries will undoubtedly be the two that experience the most
economic growth in the hemisphere this year.
Because of these noble, constructive and peaceful efforts, the
imperialist government is accusing Venezuela and Cuba, Chávez and
Castro, of destabilizing and subverting other countries in the
region.
Faced with such accusations against Venezuela and Cuba, and if
President Chávez agreed, a day like today would be most opportune to
reply: Condemn us, it doesn't matter, history will absolve us!
Cuba, at the official function commemorating the 52nd anniversary of
the assault on the "Moncada" and "Carlos Manuel de Cespedes"
garrisons in the Karl Marx Theatre, July 26, 2005.
Dear people of Havana who, by your selfless, tenacious efforts and
in hard-fought competition with the inhabitants of Villa Clara,
Matanzas, Cienfuegos, Camagüey and Granma, won the right to hold
this official function here in the capital: I congratulate you all.
Fighters of yesterday and today:
Distinguished guests:
Dearest fellow Cubans:
I thank our generous and heroic people for the privilege of
commemorating this anniversary of the assault on the "Moncada"
and "Carlos Manuel de Cespedes" garrisons when so much time has
passed since those events took place. It could be that no one has
even received such a great honor. It would be unforgivable not to
keep in mind that more than 70 percent of the Cubans who today keep
the Revolution alive had not even been born back then. They took the
banners which, I think, they will never drop, from those who gave
their lives in that action. I dare to say thank you on my behalf and
on behalf of all of them, because on my conscience lies the enormous
weight of having persuaded them to undertake such a bold action and
yet fate has not prevented me from traveling the long, long road of
revolutionary struggle down to this emotional moment 52 years later.
The Revolution today is experiencing a moment worthy of that
memorable date.
The months preceding the 52nd anniversary of the beginning of our
armed struggle for Cuba's final independence have characterized by
an exceptional degree of hostility directed by the Bush
administration against Cuba. The Nazi-Fascist extreme right that has
taken control of the Empire has not ceased to brood over its
powerless hatred of our country. We should remember that May 20,
2002 when, at a meeting with the Miami terrorist mob, Bush demanded
with unprecedented insolence that Cuba get a new constitution which
would renounce the socialist nature of the Revolution. Those
attending that meeting included Orlando Bosch Avila, a bosom friend
of that family dynasty, and the main culprit behind the mid air
destruction of the Cuban plane just minutes after it took off from
Barbados where all of the passengers died.
Cuba's response to the imperial demand were enormous mass
demonstrations all across the country in support of a draft
amendment of the constitution, finally passed unanimously by the
National Assembly of People's Power on June 26, 2002, stating that
the socialist nature of the Revolution and the political and social
system enshrined in the Constitution were irrevocable.
The atrocious September 11, 2001 terrorist attack on New York's Twin
Towers had already happened.
Under pressure from that mob which had helped him win the presidency
through a scandalous fraud, for more than four years, Mr. George W.
Bush and his cronies did not cease for one minute from adopting
cruel, hate-filled measures to destabilize and pound on Cuba and to
try to do away with its independence and its people's right to a
truly human and fair political system.
Hideous resolutions were passed to tighten the blockade and
suffocate Cuba's economy. Hundreds of thousands of Cubans living in
the United States were forbidden to visit their relatives in Cuba;
they could only get permission to do so once every three years;
family aid was reduced to almost nothing; the agreements on illegal
immigration were breached; proposals for cooperating in such crucial
areas as drug and persons trafficking and to hinder and prevent
terrorist acts were rejected. Also, slanderous allegations rained
down. Cuba was labeled a terrorist country. They made up insane lies
about biological weapons production, plans to use electronic warfare
to interfere with US government communications and other such
things, the objective being to find excuses for a genocidal attack
against our country, like they one they later launched in Iraq.
It is common knowledge that Bush's cronies set up a big committee to
plan all the details of what they call "transition" in Cuba. This
committee drafted a gruesome plan which included vaccination
programs and literacy campaigns when the whole world knows that
Cuba's health and education plans are much better than those in the
United States and any other country in the world.
I couldn't help mentioning these things which are only a small
sample of the series of attacks on Cuba by US governments and of all
these governments, the Bush administration represents the
incarnation of the most repugnant, evil hatred for a heroic, decent
people which is not cowed nor can be intimidated by the powerful
empire's threats and attacks.
One of Bush's most cynical measures was to use the Guantanamo naval
base, which the Unites States occupies illegally against our
people's will, to set up a concentration camp where he locks up,
without trial or any kind of legal process, those whom he kidnaps
anywhere in the world. And to top it all, that prison was turned
into an experimental center of torture, the same as those later
applied in the Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.
An article in the October 17, 2004 edition of The New York Times
admitted that abuse of prisoners in the Guantanamo naval base
is "generalized and not limited to isolated cases as official
versions claim". Quoting soldiers, secret agents and other
officials, the newspaper described "a series of highly abusive
procedures which continued over a long period of time". The world
was amazed and shocked to hear about these unbelievable facts.
Democratic senator Joseph Biden, of the Foreign Relations Committee,
said that the Guantanamo naval base had become the "greatest
propaganda tool that exists for recruiting of terrorists around the
world". Former president Jimmy Carter urged the Bush government to
close the prison because the accusations of torture there are
a "terrible embarrassment and a blow to the US reputation".
On September 13, 2004, the British newspaper The Guardian revealed
that "the highest levels of George W. Bush's administration were
informed of the bad treatment and possible war crimes at the base in
the Fall of 2002", according to an investigative report by veteran
journalist Seymour Hersh included in his book Chain of Command.
When visiting this torture center, a US member of Congress of Cuban
descent, known in our country as the Big Bad She-wolf, a friend and
defender of Posada Carriles, told the press that "she wished the
Cuban people had the rights that the detainees in Guantanamo are
given".
Another of Mr. Bush's cynical actions is the constant, increasing
radio and television attacks on our people that violate the most
elementary standards regulating the use of radio and TV frequencies
and is in breach of international law.
The US government has invested vast amounts of money to no avail in
this crazy, failed exercise.
In addition to its actions from outside, Bush and his mob have
invested in excess one hundred million dollars to promote subversion
and destabilization inside Cuba. More than any other US
administration it has used that country's Interests Section in Cuba
to do this. There was a time, years ago, when subversion and
espionage were carried out rather discretely but in Bush Jr. truly
gangster-like era, all standards have been thrown overboard.
Disgusting characters like James Cason, following the instructions
of Otto Reich, Roger Noriega and other unscrupulous officials, have
gone beyond the limits of basic decency and carried out
unprecedented provocations inside our country.
The heads of the Interests Section have assumed direct leadership of
the groups of mercenaries that, by various methods and under various
pretexts, are provided with high personal incomes in convertible
currency which, in a country like Cuba where services such as
healthcare and education are totally free and others like housing,
recreational activities, medicines and a significant portion of food
cost a virtually symbolic amount in Cuban pesos, means that those
who have convertible currency can enjoy a living standard far higher
than that of Cubans who are paid their salaries and pensions in
domestic currency.
There is no country in the world where the empire's mercenaries
enjoy the privileges they do in Cuba. None of them works or does any
useful service whatsoever for society. The US Interests Section
offices and residence in Cuba, protected by diplomatic immunity,
have become the venues for meetings to organize provocations,
facilitate communications and openly give orders to mercenaries
inside the country.
And none of this is done surreptitiously. The Interests Section's
diplomatic pouch is brazenly used to smuggle in computers,
communications equipment, printed materials, libelous articles and
all kinds of objects and goods to give to their hirelings. Never,
perhaps, has any government so abused and offended its diplomatic
status and immunity as the US government by writing signs and
exhibiting offensive placards attacking our country.
When, for some reason or other, they don't want to be directly
involved in this type of activity, they use their Czech or some such
lackeys to carry out these extremely rude acts.
Our Interests Section in Washington and our officials have never,
ever, used their diplomatic immunity for such illegal and disgusting
acts.
In the last few days, while our people were working tirelessly to
clean up the damage caused by Hurricane Dennis —tens of thousands of
homes fully or partially destroyed, breaks in the electricity
transmission and distribution grid, major damage to agriculture and
other branches of the economy— the US government stepped up its
subversive radio and television broadcasts to Cuba by increasing the
frequency of illegal, provocative flights by the EC-130J aircraft
which transmits the anti-Cuban radio and television signals.
The first broadcast from a US armed forces aircraft took place on
none other than May 20, 2003, a date in history singled out for
imperialist interference in Cuban affairs. Later on, from August
2004 onwards, once the loathsome "Transition Plan" allocating
millions of dollars for radio and television broadcasts attacking
Cuba was approved, the US government began four-hour transmissions
from the military aircraft every weekend. In so doing, it has not
only interfered with our television broadcasts, but has grossly
violated international telecommunication standards while posing a
dangerous provocation because of the military nature of the aircraft
which has been previously used by the United States in actions
against Viet Nam, Afghanistan and Iraq.
This past July 13, less than three weeks ago, five days after the
hurricane had blown through the south, central and western regions
of our country with its enormous power of destruction, the US Air
Force transferred two EC-130J aircraft from the 193rd Special
Operations Wing in Pennsylvania to the Naval Air station in Key
West, Florida. One of these planes flew consecutively on Friday July
15, Saturday 16, Monday 18, Wednesday 20, Friday 22 and Saturday
23, broadcasting counterrevolutionary broadcasts in an escalation
of provocation and aggression.
It was only six days after the hurricane and information about its
devastating effects was still being collected.
Thus, in less than a year, there have been 46 broadcasts from the
military aircraft while the daily broadcasts on nine frequencies,
from the aerostatic balloon, have continued. These, and
transmissions from other counterrevolutionary stations add up to
2,425 hours and 45 minutes of anti-Cuban radio and television
broadcasts.
It is significant that, prior to the current escalation, the United
States carried out three exploratory flights with RC-135 aircraft on
Saturday April 30 and on May 7 and 14, 2005, at the same time the EC-
130 was broadcasting to our country, their possible intention being
to test the effectiveness and the parameters of our response to this
television attack. It had been years since RC 135s had taken any
action against our country.
While the US administration, which so furiously imposes the
genocidal blockade on our country, in an entirely hypocritical and
shameless way "compassionately" offered Cuba 50,000 USD to alleviate
the damage caused by the hurricane, the lawmakers who support the
Bush government policies, introduced a bill in Congress that would
allocate 37,931,000 USD for the fiscal year 2006 and 29,931,000 USD
for the fiscal year 2007, for anti-Cuban broadcasts. According to
the wording, the purpose of the bill is "to buy, rent, build and
improve radio and television reception and transmission facilities
and to buy, rent and install the necessary equipment, including
aircraft, for radio and television reception and transmission".
There has even been talk that they might purchase Boeing type
aircraft that use technology similar to that of the EC-130J for
future broadcasts to Cuba and they also want still more money to buy
airtime on radio stations in the area close to our country.
The escalation in anti-Cuban broadcasts is happening in the midst of
public disagreement between the Departments of State and Defense
over whether to use military aircraft to broadcast to Cuba or to
transfer them to the Middle East. The outcome shows that Condoleezza
Rice's position and the aggressive plans of the US administration,
which stem from the pressure of, commitments to and influence of the
Miami terrorist mob, have prevailed.
Dazed and delirious, a former spokesperson for the Cuban-American
National Foundation and also one of Posada Carriles' defenders has
just brazenly announced on Miami television that Venezuela's
solidarity aid to Cuba to alleviate the effects of the
hurricane "consists of a few thousand tons of masts to block US
transmissions, equipment to rebuild the masts used for this type of
jamming and the technology needed to establish repression".
Such an abhorrent vision prevails in the US extreme right which is
now also threatening to begin radio and television broadcasts to
Venezuela, as a response to Telesur and to the Venezuelan
government's solidarity with Cuba.
According to Florida Republican Congressman Connie Mack, who
introduced an amendment on this, "the Broadcasting Board of
Governors could be authorized to initiate radio and television
broadcasts similar to Radio and TV Martí's current broadcasts to
Cuba".
With the same intensity as that shown by the White House in stepping
up its electronic warfare, local radio and TV stations in Miami go
to a lot of trouble to convey an image of crisis and chaos in Cuba
where an unsustainable situation will lead to social upheaval.
Whosoever listens to those media terrorists would be
inevitably "convinced" that the Revolution has only a few hours
left, which shows that these people never learn the lessons of
history.
There have also been one or two foreign correspondents in Havana who
have been swept up, consciously or unconsciously, by the current of
provocation and treachery.
At almost the same time on July 13, only five days after the
hurricane, about twenty members of the small groups I mentioned,
shouted out insulting slogans as they walked outside the "Hermanos
Ameijeiras" hospital. They were using the pretext of the tugboat
accident that happened 11 years ago, which caused the regrettable
death of a number of people including women and children, for which
the Revolution was infamously blamed; the tug had been hijacked by
armed persons at the dock where this type of vessel ties up. This
provocation elicited an immediate, angry response from those living
nearby and from hospital workers, which meant that the provocateurs
had to be given protection by the authorities.
I should give a little more background. When the country was
involved in a historic battle for justice with the Empire as it
denounced the covert entry of Posada Carriles —he and Orlando Bosch
were responsible for the deaths of 73 people in the well-known
Barbados tragedy— into the United States, under the protection of
the Cuban-American mob and US authorities, and demanded his arrest
and extradition to Venezuela, the Interests Section was working
frantically to organize a so-called Assembly to Promote a Civil
Society in Cuba officially convened for none other than May 20, a
shameful, ill-starred date in our history. The whole thing was
cooked up and funded by the US government.
Cuba's denunciation made on April 11 and the meeting in Havana of
outstanding people from all over the hemisphere to demand the
terrorist extradition to Venezuela and to denounce "Operation
Condor" and the monstrous crimes committed by US soldiers with the
US government's complicity —especially when Bush Sr. was head of the
CIA and later US vice president coinciding with the dirty war
against Nicaragua and the Iran-Contra scandal— put the Bush
government and its main accomplices in a tight spot.
Before the Barbados terrorist act, Orlando Bosch and Posada
Carriles, who took part in "Operation Condor", were given the
responsibility for planning and organizing serious crimes against
well-known Chileans and people from other Latin American countries.
It was obvious that the USINT (US Interests Section) and its
hirelings aim was to orchestrate an act of provocation against the
authorities of the Cuban Revolution in order to divert international
attention from the scandalous conspiracy and complicity between Bush
Jr. and the hemisphere's biggest terrorist that Bush had taken out
of jail in Panama and allowed to enter the United States.
This so-called "Assembly to Promote a Civil Society in Cuba" was
graced with the presence of the head of the US Interests Section and
it even received a personal message from Bush and terrorist groups
in Miami. Even Posada Carriles himself, who had not been arrested
yet, sent his greetings and support to the "Assembly to Promote a
Civil Society in Cuba". All information on and the impact of this
grotesque meeting are on record and in due time will be made
available to the public. The fact is that the Revolution's
equanimity and sang froid wrecked this ridiculous maneuver but not
without a great effort to contain the anger of the people living
nearby who could not understand our tolerance of this mercenary,
traitorous meeting.
When, this past July 22, all efforts were focused on rebuilding the
country, "civil society's defenders" —emboldened by the seeming
impunity of their adventures, cheered on by the Interests Section
and greatly encouraged by the almost daily flights and broadcasts
from the military aircraft with their subversive messages, plus the
belief spread by the Miami mob that they were on the point of
packing their bags because the Revolution was about to collapse—
plucked up their courage to orchestrate a new act of provocation.
But, this time the people, angrier than before over such barefaced
acts of treason, intervened with patriotic fervor and didn't allow a
single mercenary to move. And this is what will happen whenever
traitors and mercenaries go a millimeter beyond the point that our
Revolutionary people, whose destiny and lives are at stake in this
stand-off with the most voracious, most inhuman and most cruel
empire in history, is willing to accept.
The much publicized dissidence or alleged opposition in Cuba does
not exist except in the overheated imagination of the Cuban-American
mob and White House and State Department bureaucrats. They deceive
themselves or intoxicate themselves with their own lies. They pay
opportunists, people divorced from all productive activity or useful
service, often vagrants and frequently underclass or criminals who
do not have anyone's esteem or support. Over and over again
situations arise in which the authorities have to protect them when
these people try to orchestrate some act of provocation; then the
first thing the Interest Section does is to invite the foreign
press.
The same thing happened when they invaded the country with armed
mercenaries, many of whom were former Batista backers, assuming that
the people would instantly rise up against the Revolution. Nobody
knows these people in Cuba, they live off publicity abroad. The
terrorist mob and the US government shamelessly take advantage of
the facilities which Cuba has provided so that many international
press agencies and correspondents can live in and send reports from
Cuba without any restrictions whatsoever so that they can move
around and act with complete freedom. Some in fact do so in total
complicity with the US Interests Section in order to misinform and
deceive the world about what happens in Cuba. Everyone knows full
well that no revolutionary process has ever had the consensus and
overwhelming support and trust that the Cuban Revolution has because
of its steadfastness and fidelity to its principles and because of
the gallantry, internationalist spirit and solidarity of the Cuban
people.
It would be much better if the Empire did not allow itself to be
carried away by illusions that might lead it to more serious
mistakes, because nothing that has happened elsewhere will be
comparable to what would happen here to anyone who tries to take
control of Cuba.
A long time ago now, more than a century ago, Maceo warned
them: "They will only reap her blood-soaked soil, if they do not
perish in the strife". Today we could add: "They would not even
reap the dust of her soil, and they would have to shed much more
blood than anywhere else on the planet". This we swear!
I don't want to let this occasion pass by without raising some other
issues of great importance to our people.
During the first six months of this year, the country had to face a
complex situation brought about by the drought, the power shortage
and, most recently, the consequences of Hurricane Dennis.
The enemies of the Revolution, as I have already explained, have
jubilantly tried to use these events to show that Cuba is going
through a serious economic crisis. They never learn and are once
again underestimating our people's capacity to resist and struggle.
The sound growth that our economy has started to display since last
year has increased during the first half of 2005, as I can show with
some irrefutable figures which confirm this and I will now read out:
During the first half of the year the Cuban economy grew by 7.3% and
an increase of around 9% is expected by the end of the year, as a
result of the positive tendencies that have been observed.
This performance, recorded up until June, is based on the increase
of 13 of the 22 sectors of the industry, among which ferrous
metallurgy stands out with 15.5%, non-ferrous metallurgy with 9.2%;
printing with 21.7%; the garments industry with 7.0%; the food
industry with 3.6% and the beverage and tobacco industry with 4.4%.
Construction work increased by 8.2%, the communication sector by
7.1%, commerce by 10% and the public service sector by 13.3%.
The equivalent production of national crude oil and gas turns out
around one million 900 thousand tons, that is to say, four times
more than what was produced at the beginning of the special period.
At the moment, a significant effort is being made to drill and set
underway new oil and gas wells that will put the country closer on
its way to self-sufficiency in terms of the energy sector.
Crude refining increased by 9.2%, making way for a saving of 29
million 700 thousand dollars on the total amount of refined
products, when compared to their international prices. Fuel
consumption, on the other hand, stayed at similar levels to the year
before.
The production of electricity fell by 4% due both to the breakdowns
in the electricity generating plants, and to the extension of their
maintenance periods, which affected production and service, as well
as the population.
In order to maintain these plants, the hard currency resources to be
invested until December 2005 have doubled, exceeding the sum of 100
million USD.
A program is underway to improve the country's power supply, with an
additional 50 million USD to be invested in this program, 34% of
this investment has been made in the first five months.
This program will make it possible to reduce the total loss in power
distribution from approximately 16.5% to 11%, and increase the
quality of the service.
A profound revolution is underway with respect to the concept of
production and the use of electricity. Equipment and material worth
282 million 100 thousand USD have been bought and are currently
being installed, which, within a year, will provide us with a
million more kilowatts of electricity.
I am using the US dollar here so that it is easier to understand the
cost in convertible pesos. This aforementioned figure of new
capacities of electricity production will be supplemented by 200
thousand kilowatts generated by a new combined cycle plant and a
currently out of use thermoelectric plant adapted to consume
accompanying gas. This new capacity, on top of the saving of no less
that one million kilowatts which will be made possible by investing
more than 250 million USD, will make available to production,
services and family units twice the electricity they have now,
starting on the second semester of 2006.
Along with the problem of electricity, it has been necessary to
resolve the need for domestic fuel. Personally, as President of the
Council of State and of the Government, I dedicate a significant
part of my time to this problem, so what I said is not an
exaggeration, as rather I speak with circumspection, keeping some
things up my sleeve.
More that 3 million 100 thousand pressure cookers, 3 million 500
rice steamers, 3 million 100 thousand electric pressure cookers, 3
million 800 thousand electric hobs and one million 100 thousand 12-
inch fans have also been purchased.
More than 5 million 300 thousand gaskets for refrigerators, 650
thermostats and 7 million gaskets for coffee makers have also been
bought. This range of equipment and accessories, which are already
being distributed in a gradual and attentive manner, will continue
to be handed out during the second half of the year, as planned.
More than 100 million USD are being invested in the pharmaceutical
industry. Production in this sector is steadily growing.
Work is underway to expand and remodel the factories producing soy
bean yogurt, gradually increasing its production capacity to one
million liters a day.
Work is being done and money invested in order to process 25
thousand tons of drinking chocolate a year. It is estimated that the
level of production for the remainder of the year is 12 tons to be
distributed among the population.
As part of the program of quality coffee production, 30 packaging
machines, 2 new roasters and the replacement of 7 mills, which have
already been ordered, are to be introduced and assembled in the
plants currently functioning. In August distribution will commence
in some provinces, in accordance with the established capacity.
In order to expand, guarantee and ensure the storage of cereals and
legumes, the construction of capacities is underway for half a
million tons of top quality metallic silos.
Work is also underway to expand the production capacity of pasta.
The current industries pertaining to the People's Power will be
expanded in order to produce noodles and 15 similar new factories
will be constructed.
Two new pasta factories will be built on the sites of the former
mills "Noel Fernández" in Camagüey and "Marta Abreu" in Cienfuegos.
A new pasta production line will be installed in the Vita Nuova
factory, producing 750 kilograms an hour, and the Buona Sera factory
in Santiago de Cuba will be subject to modernization.
The total capacity will be 70 thousand tons of different varieties
of pasta.
The purchase of two new cocoa processing plants is anticipated, each
with a capacity of 25 thousand tons.
Besides satisfying national needs, this decision will allow us to
produce high quality cocoa butter for export, as well as other cocoa
derivatives.
As part of the policy to improve our people's diet, a program is
implemented to increase egg production. The aim is to reach an
output of more than 2.2 billion eggs by 2006.
A series of investments has been decided upon to increase the
availability of pork meat. Work is being done to recover the
capacity of pork production, with a view to reaching a total
production of 80 thousand tons of meat, in live animals, by 2006 and
to preparing conditions to reach 100 thousand tons by 2007.
The areas of protected and semi protected crops will be considerably
expanded in order to produce high quality vegetables for both
national consumption and export.
During the first half of the year, nickel production reached 38
thousand 200 tons, which is an increase from the year before. This
export was the most important source of income for the country in
terms of the export of goods, amounting to 545 million USD in the
first half of the year.
The number of people visiting the country until June 30 had
increased by 8%, and it is anticipated that this year the number of
bookings will reach 2 million 300 thousand.
The income from the tourist sector increased by 11.5% compared with
the year before, with a linear occupation level of 66.9%.
During 2005, 4 new hotels are scheduled to begin operations, which
will contribute one thousand 921 rooms to the international tourist
sector.
The electronics industry is doubling its production of software and
televisions.
In this half of the year, the production of cement and steel rods
increased by 20.8% and 5%, respectively.
With a view to responding to the most urgent needs to increase our
building capacity, investments have been approved which are now
being made to the tune of 62 million USD, which will increase the
production of sand by 51%, stone by 74%, blocks by 59% and floor
materials by 49%.
Currently, 7 thousand 300 homes have been completed in 2005. During
the remaining months of this year the majority of homes partially
affected by Hurricane Dennis will be repaired; no less than 10
thousand of the homes destroyed will be built again as new and the
plans to finish and construct new homes to cover the most urgent
requirements will continue, up to at least 30 thousand additional
housing.
The material required to build a total of 100 thousand new homes in
2006 has already been or is in the process of being ordered, which
will be by far the highest number in our history. This figure does
not include a high number of repairs. Everything will depend on our
efforts.
From 2003 until May 2005, the country was in the grip of the worst
drought on record. The economic impact of this is estimated at more
that 1.2 billion USD.
To deal with this, until 2004, 183 million USD were invested in
hydraulic works, and this year it is calculated that an additional
60 million will be used.
It has also been necessary to invest more than 70 million USD in
current expenditure, which includes 28 thousand tons of diesel and
14 thousand tons of gasoline, with the specific aim of taking water
to the affected population, which exceeded 2 million 500 thousand
people at the most critical times, distributing water by trucks to
almost 2 million people.
In order to keep the economy healthy, it is essential to revitalize
railway transport, which was seriously affected during these years
of the special period. The special period and the blockade imposed
by the United States dealt a harsh blow to railway transport, close
to the point of collapse.
This year around 40 million USD are being urgently invested in
railway freight transport. Actually, 32 freight cars have been
repaired, while 18 locomotives and almost a thousand more cars
should be restored to working order in the next few months to
transport dry goods and cement for the works of the Battle of Ideas
and the program for the construction of housing.
Presently, 12 new locomotives were bought from China that will
arrive this November.
The amount cargo transported by railway rose by 47,900 tons in
comparison to the first half of last year.
As for freight transport by motor vehicle, 486 trucks that were out
of service have been repaired and are up and running.
In the first half of the year, the Ministry of Transport vehicle
fleet transported 66 thousand 100 tons more than in the same period
of 2004.
Port equipment, metal for railway tracks and equipment and spare
parts for trucks have been purchased or are in the process of being
purchased for 15 million USD.
One thousand modern busses for long distance transport, with fuel
efficient engines have been ordered from China. 200 have already
arrived in the country and are being used in areas where they are
most needed. It is calculated that this year busses will transport
almost 3 million more passengers than anticipated.
Inevitably, it will be imperative to review the fares, since the
high cost of fuel and equipment will make it impossible to provide
this service at the historically charged prices.
In the healthcare sector, investments received a significant boost
during the first six months, which could never have happened in the
past. The 448 rehabilitation wards that the country required were
all completed.
Major repairs have been made to 123 polyclinics. Of the 444 existing
polyclinics, almost all are now equipped with electrocardiographs,
396 have, for the first time, been given ultrasound equipment with
three transducers, and 115 have new X-ray equipment. All of them
will be equipped with endoscope facilities; every one of them now
has 4 computers and a library, and 368 are connected to the Internet.
Since January 2004, 118 intensive therapy wards have been created in
the municipalities that did not have it, where until February 2005,
42 thousand 561 patients had been provided care, the lives of 13,025
of whom were saved, that is to say, 92% of those who were at risk of
death.
The dental clinics have been equipped with 851 new dentists' offices.
More than 50 hospitals are currently being renovated, expanded and
equipped to offer excellent services to both national and foreign
patients. The program began in 2004 with an estimated cost of 835
million USD, which includes the latest equipment valued at
approximately 400 million USD.
Among the high-tech equipment that we now have at our disposal, is
the 27 one-slice CT equipment, with which all the provinces of the
country are now equipped, 9 other 64-slice equipment, 8 of magnetic
resonance imaging and 8 of three-dimensional ultrasound, which are
being used for the first time in Cuba.
This program comes hand in hand with the construction of 44
buildings offering hospital accommodation, which will provide a
total of 6,886 rooms. Numerous three and four-star hotels will also
be used in the provision of an international health service.
The country is now able to operate and provide services in all
branches of ophthalmology to hundreds of thousands of patients. One
hundred thousand Venezuelan brothers and sisters will receive theses
services this year, in which, until yesterday, July 25, 25,024
patients from said country and a similar number of Cubans had been
operated on.
No less than 15 thousand citizens of the Caribbean community will
receive this form of medical care between the second half of June
2005 and June 2006. Venezuela and Cuba have offered to provide
another 100 thousand Latin Americans with this service within the
same period. This is a feat of solidarity and humanity unprecedented
in the history of the world.
The educational revolution that our country has been carrying out in
the heat of the Battle of Ideas has brought about an increase in
quality that is also unprecedented in the educational and learning
process.
In this sector, major repairs have been made to 111 large schools
and work continues on 56 more, as well as on 5 Pedagogical
Institutes.
Major repairs also began on 25 polytechnics for computer sciences,
with a capacity for 40 thousand students, as well as 15 senior high
schools in the province of La Habana, of the 40 that will receive
this repair work. The cost of these programs amounts to more than
120 million USD.
Additionally, 118 Youth Computer Clubs were completed in the first
six months of this year, at a cost of 21 million USD.
At the end of the present academic year, 1,197 works had been
completed by the program for the Battle of Ideas, which benefit
503,174 students. Major repairs are being made to 16 Special Sport
Schools, at a cost of over 14 million 600 thousand USD; one has
already been completed, while work is still underway in another 113.
Meanwhile, 20 more university chapters were established in prisons,
with some 590 students.
As proof of the potential of our economy, in May the minimum wage
went up from 100 to 225 pesos, benefiting 1,657,191 workers that
account for 54% of state employees, costing an annual total of 1.06
billion Cuban pesos. At the end of the first half of the year the
average wage rose to 334 pesos, from 282 at the end of 2004.
In July wages rose in the healthcare and education sectors, which
benefited 857 thousand 400 workers, at an annual cost of more than
523 million Cuban pesos.
In the Social Security sector the pensions of 1,468,000 people went
up, just over 97% of the total number of pensioners.
In the area of Social Assistance, 476, 512 people benefited from an
increase of 50 pesos monthly. Both measures annually cost 1.19
billion Cuban pesos.
These actions have benefited 4.4 million people, which accounts for
30.9% of the population, at an annual cost of 2.78 billion Cuban
pesos. Wages continue to increase gradually in other sectors.
The export of goods and services grew by 26.3% in the first six
months of the year as compared to the same period in 2004.
The favorable balance in the trade of services managed to compensate
for the imbalance of the exchange of goods, resulting in a modest
positive balance in the trade figures, even higher than the year
before.
With regard to the export of goods, nickel stands out for its
importance, as do generic and biotechnological medication, tobacco
and raw sugar, insofar as the services sector, medical and tourist
services play a decisive role.
These results are achieved in the midst of a process of reorganizing
foreign commerce, in which the number of companies authorized to
import goods decreased from 192 to 89 and in which 67% of all the
country's imports are concentrated on 23 entities, also reducing the
participation of middlemen by 26% over the last two years.
In response to an economic policy which ensures that social
interests and the fundamental priorities of the country are met, a
set of measures has been adopted in the monetary sector, aimed at
strengthening the national currency. By mid 2003 the US dollar
ceased being used in inter-company transactions and an exchange
control system was established in the Central Bank for external
operations. In November of 2004, in response to the threats made by
the United States Government, the US dollar was also withdrawn from
circulation in the chain of hard currency shops and a fine of 10%
was applied to the exchange of this currency, a measure which was
instituted offering maximum facilities to the population and without
affecting their bank deposits.
At the beginning of this year, these actions were complemented by
the act of revaluing the Cuban peso, with respect to the Cuban
convertible peso, by 7%, with which the purchasing power of the
Cuban peso increased in the chain of hard currency shops.
Additionally, the Cuban convertible peso was revalued by 8% with
respect to the US dollar and other hard currencies.
These measures have strengthened our monetary sovereignty and have
brought about a greater equality between the social strata who
receive income in different currencies. Now all currencies in
circulation are issued by the Central Bank of Cuba, unlike in the
past, when a part of it was issued by the monetary authority of a
country that has imposed an iron blockade on Cuba.
Some practical effects of this have been: an increase in savings
made in Cuban pesos of 32%, compared to September of last year,
which reflects a stronger credibility of the national currency; a
rise in the ratio of deposits made in Cuban convertible pesos from
the total amount of hard currency savings accounts, going from 20%
to 50%; and a significant increase in the hard currency received by
the Central Bank.
In this way it was possible to substantially reduce the
participation of the dollar in the country's total inflow of hard
currency in cash. In the past, the participation of the US dollar
exceeded 90%, whereas now it maintains a rate of around 30%, which
basically reduces the risk caused by threats made by the United
States Government.
This year a rational centralization of decisions concerning the use
of hard currency has been established. Authorization for these
transactions must be obtained before obligations are contracted,
which has led to a more effective process of contracting and a
greater commitment to honoring the payment. Furthermore, this has
contributed considerably to the fight against crime and corruption.
It has also helped to make important decisions to get rid of the
commercial middlemen that are not representative in international
commerce, whose activity brought about a disproportioned increase in
the prices of the goods and services that the country purchases
abroad.
By way of this process, the State's hard currency income was
concentrated in the Central Bank, thus increasing the possibility of
using it, which has notably strengthened the negotiating capacity of
the socialist State, with the resulting benefits in commercial and
financial management. It has also made it possible to rigorously
fulfill the obligations created by the new external financial
commitments and the renegotiated debt, which has allowed us to
access new credit facilities in more favorable conditions.
Finally, as part of the agreements emanating from ALBA, an affiliate
of a Cuban bank has been opened in Venezuela and the creation of an
affiliate of a Venezuelan bank in Cuba has been given the go-ahead.
For the first time since the beginning of the special period, in
2004 the balance of day-to-day operations was surplus, due mainly to
the notable increase in the services exported. A more favorable
result drawing from a higher income for services rendered is
anticipated for the present year.
It is calculated that by June 30, sales in hard currency shops will
have reached a figure 6.1% higher than that of the year before.
The agreement between the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and the
Republic of Cuba, signed in accordance with the principles of ALBA,
means a considerable step forward on the way to unity and the true
integration of the peoples of Latin America and the Caribbean. The
Petrocaribe agreement is another extraordinary advancement and a
true example of fraternal solidarity among peoples.
The commercial exchange between Venezuela and Cuba has already risen
this year to no less than 3 billion USD.
Both countries will undoubtedly be the two that experience the most
economic growth in the hemisphere this year.
Because of these noble, constructive and peaceful efforts, the
imperialist government is accusing Venezuela and Cuba, Chávez and
Castro, of destabilizing and subverting other countries in the
region.
Faced with such accusations against Venezuela and Cuba, and if
President Chávez agreed, a day like today would be most opportune to
reply: Condemn us, it doesn't matter, history will absolve us!