Base and Superstructure

[Servia]

I'm trying to teach my teacher about the concept of base and superstructure. She understands how it functions, but she wants to know what are any opposing theories to it.

[Alet]

I don't know, if there are actual theories which even pretend to be scientific. But basically any idealist, superstitious conception of history and society "opposes" the Marxist theory of base and superstructure. Considering that few people are actually materialists, it is rejected very often on the basis that "production cannot be the only factor in history". Needless to say that this stems from a misunderstanding of base and superstructure.