Fascism: Philosophical Foundations

[Althusser]

What are some philosophical foundations of fascism (apart from the communist (correct) interpretation of it)

I am doing a project and I want to know how to dismantle fascist ideology limb from limb. I want the theoretical foundations of actual fascists because giving just a Marxist materialist outlook and quoting Trotsky, and MLMs will be very one sided and not do the project justice.

[Anglo-Saxon Philistine]

Ideological fascism, it seems to me, is a mostly heterogeneous collection of nationalist and racist tendencies that had started in other movements. So the Italian and French fascists, for example, were influenced both by the monarchist Action Francais and Cercle Proudhon, and by the national-syndicalism of de Ambris, the nationalist revision of Marxism due to Corradini and so on. Sorel's ideas on the "myth" of a general strike are also relevant.

The fascist idealist Gentile had tried to give a philosophical foundation to Italian fascism in the thirties, a sort of subjective-idealist misinterpretation of Hegel taken up to eleven. I don't think that has much to do with actual fascist practice, except for the voluntarism.

[Comrade #138672]

Many of Fascism's philosophical standpoints rest on the following core ideas:

(1) Fetishization of Identity and Character. Fetishization of heroism is an extension of this. This is why so many Fascists are obsessed with the divine and mythology.
(2) Society is a living organism in its own right with a will of its own. Social problems are viewed as diseases of the higher organism called society. Fascists submit to this higher organism, because to them it is the only way to fix everything. This higher organism has more importance and rights than any individual. This is why you don't have any rights in a Fascist society.
(3) According to Fascists, the masses can not change society simply because they are in the majority. That is why Fascists reject democracy and the dictatorship of the proletariat, which is why they are enemies of the proletariat.