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View Full Version : Stalin's economic "Machiavellianism" in 1925



Die Neue Zeit
1st July 2011, 03:51
http://books.google.ca/books?id=38gMzMRXCpQC&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=stalin+%22how+the+soviet%22+governed+machiavell ian+%22economic+debate%22&source=bl&ots=pb__dWG7KW&sig=JSbmyxfYw9NMKoqkpTsUbc-XyEE&hl=en&ei=UDMNTsCpIIrkiAKv7eX6DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false



In discussing the 1920s, westerners have often described the economic debate and the concurrent struggle for power in rather schematic terms [...] Stalin, it is said, was a cynical Machiavellian interested only in his own power. He is supposed to have first allied himself with the right in order to defeat the Left Opposition in the Politburo, then to have stolen the latter's program so that he could condemn his erstwhile allies as a Right Opposition and remove them from the seats of power.

This schematic summary, like most others of a similar type, has elements of truth in it, but leaves a very misleading impression of the NEP period and almost surely constitutes too harsh a judgment of Stalin. The crucial fact to remember about the 1920s is that, as the following chronology makes clear, economic conditions changed radically from year to year.

[...]

Given these rapidly changing circumstances, it would have been foolish for any Soviet leader to advocate the same short-term policy at all times, and, in practice, none of them did so.

[...]

Western accounts of the mid-1920s often imply - and sometimes flatly state - that Stalin moved to the right in this period in order to have an issue with which to defeat the left. In reality, Stalin himself was moving to the left at this time.

[...]

If Stalin is to be attacked for Machiavellianism in 1925, it should not be for a cynical move to the right (at least not in domestic policy), but for a deliberate inconsistency between his industrial and agricultural policies - for failing to acknowledge how he was planning to finance rapid industrial growth.

[...]

In actuality, what seems to have occurred in 1925 was not some move to the right on Stalin's part, but an attempt by Zinoviev and Kamenev to adopt left policies for political reasons - and not a very consistent attempt at that. While Kamenev and Zinoviev did differ with Bukharin on the peasant question, it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that they launched their attack on agricultural policy as a desperate effort to stave off political defeat at Stalin's hands rather than as a result of deep policy differences with the Politburo majority.



Thoughts?

Jose Gracchus
1st July 2011, 04:19
Did you just Google screen a Google Book for keywords then pluck these out-of-context quotes out for discussion?

Die Neue Zeit
1st July 2011, 04:59
^^^ The discussion is not out of context because it's a separate thread.

I wanted material that criticized Zinoviev's and Kamenev's opportunism more, and also material that emphasized the risky economic conditions during the NEP period. I was shocked to find it in How The Soviet Union Is Governed. I expected that book to say something more along the lines of:

Even though he was the only person to sit on the Politburo, Orgburo, and Secretariat in the period 1919-1921 (a point usually glossed over in discussions of Stalin's rise to power), Krestinsky made no effort to construct an independent power base of his own.

[...]

Through his ascendancy in the Orgburo, [Stalin] began in effect to direct the work of the Secretariat. The announcement on April 4, 1922, of his appointment to the post of General Secretary registered a de facto authority which had already been achieved.

[Which it did, btw]

DaringMehring
1st July 2011, 05:11
What I took away from the quotes, is the guy wants to say, yeah Stalin's politics jumped around, but he actually believed them and wasn't cynical because even as he was expelling the Lefts, he was becoming one, and just as they were driven out, he completed the transformation into an adherent of their line. So when he kicked out his former allies the Rights it wasn't "Machiavellian."

Combine, with a mention of Zinoviev and Kamenev, who are well known to have been vacillating and politically weak-willed, each in their own way, despite their many good contributions. I doubt anybody holds up Zinoviev-Kamenev as an example of consistent and principled politics. They are symptomatic of Lenin's tendency to surround himself with efficient, loyal, but politically non-independent-thinking, cohorts.

Whether or not you believe the insinuations of the quotes (I don't), the whole game of divining good intentions or honesty from actions, as if they were chicken entrails to be studied and interpreted, is stupid. We judge actions for their class political content, not their intentions, which is the realm of people who try to apologize for Obama, by divining hidden good intentions or wishes that he just can't act on because of those nasty Republicans (or other assorted villains).

The only correct Marxist way to judge Stalin is by the political content of his actions in relation to the class struggle. The rest is flim-flam.

Die Neue Zeit
1st July 2011, 18:13
What I took away from the quotes, is the guy wants to say, yeah Stalin's politics jumped around, but he actually believed them and wasn't cynical because even as he was expelling the Lefts, he was becoming one, and just as they were driven out, he completed the transformation into an adherent of their line. So when he kicked out his former allies the Rights it wasn't "Machiavellian."

Combine, with a mention of Zinoviev and Kamenev, who are well known to have been vacillating and politically weak-willed, each in their own way, despite their many good contributions. I doubt anybody holds up Zinoviev-Kamenev as an example of consistent and principled politics. They are symptomatic of Lenin's tendency to surround himself with efficient, loyal, but politically non-independent-thinking, cohorts.

So are you calling Lenin a Machiavellian for his "tendency to surround himself with efficient, loyal, but politically non-independent-thinking cohorts," then? Because that is precisely what Stalin did. The expulsions of the Left and Right figures occurred because they were not clients to his patronage.