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View Full Version : Three Songs of Lenin Vs. Kino-Eye and Man With a Movie Camera



Philosopher Jay
10th April 2011, 20:02
When we look at Dziga Vertov's films "Kino-Eye" (1924) and "Man With a Movie Camera," (1928) we see films celebrating the human spirit and the richness of human beings. They show how things are, and how things are created. They show the homeless and the crippled and the mad, and the musicians and the diversity of life. This is propaganda as art and art as propaganda. There are problems, serious problems, but there is not exploitation. The New Society is being dreamed and made.

"Three Songs for Lenin" (1924) is quite different. It is mystical propaganda. Backward enslaved Muslim women are suddenly freed from the veil (their veil of ignorance symbolically) and appear in schools and universities. We are told that Jesus, wait, no, Lenin has freed them. In the next part/song, we see Jesus/Lenin dead. The people cry and look sorrowful. Jesus/Lenin lives again in newsreels, walking, talking and writing the revolution. In part III, we see Electricity and planes and trains. The dream of Lenin has been fulfilled, the Soviet Union has become a modern country. A worker talks about slipping into a cement mixer and being hauled out by comrades. The worker went back to work, did not even go home that day. She was rewarded with the medal of Lenin for being an exemplary worker.

I thought Lenin died for socialism. No, this film tells us he died to modernize the Soviet Union. I thought that this was the dream of the Czars. Yes, but they only dreamed it, Lenin brought the dream of the Czars to life. I thought socialism meant that the workers work less and devote more time to themselves and their development. No, socialism means that the workers work just as hard, but they do not think of themselves while working, but work heroically under dangerous circumstances and help each other to work harder, so that great planes and railroads and electrical plants may be built.

What happened between 1929 and 1934. How and why did the goals of the Revolution change so drastically? Was it the rise of fascism in Germany that turned the revolution so upside down. Was it the Great Economic Depression? Was it the capitalist economic boycott of the Soviet Union? Was it the failure of workers in the West to rise and support the Soviet Union? Was it the concentration of power in the hands of Joseph Stalin? All of these, some of these or some others?

Note that in 1924 and even 1929, the Soviet Cinema was technologically as good as any in the world. Note how it had degenerated badly by 1934. Sound, introduced in 1928 and 1929 in the United States and Western Europe was just getting off the ground in 1934 in the Soviet Union.

x359594
12th April 2011, 04:09
...Sound, introduced in 1928 and 1929 in the United States and Western Europe was just getting off the ground in 1934 in the Soviet Union.

The transition to sound was gradual in both the US and Europe. The Jazz Singer (1927) was only partially a sound film, and the major studios in the US continued to release both sound and silent versions of the same movie. Ditto for Europe. The full transition to sound in the US wasn't achieved until 1932.

Japan's film industry was the equal of Europe's but like the USSR, the Japanese film industry didn't make extensive use of sound until 1934.

As for Three Songs of Lenin, in my view the first episode is aesthetically defensible and shows Vertov's ingenuity and creativity even when in the service of the then burgeoning Lenin cult. Certainly it wasn't as innovative and radical as his previous features. The same can be said of Alexander Dovchenko and Eisenstein. Remember, the arts came under full Party control with the advent of Stalin's consolidation of power, and the subsequent officially approved aesthetic became "socialist realism" to which all artists had to tow the party line or find another profession.

Philosopher Jay
12th April 2011, 18:08
After the success of "the Jazz Singer" released in Oct. 1927. The rush was on to transition to sound and many of the planned silent films in 1928 were changed to sound wherever possible. Points West, a Hoot Gibson Western released by Universal Pictures in August 1929, was the last purely silent mainstream feature put out by a major Hollywood studio(wiki - Sound Film). While some smaller town theaters might have continued to show silents, all major movie theaters in American cities were transitioned to sound and by the end of 1930 over 60% were equipped with sound. The German sound film, premiered on January 16, 1929. Alfred Hitchcock's blackmail opening June 21, 1929 was the first British sound film. Poland, Denmark, Greece, Romania and Italy had their first sound films in 1930.

The wikipedia article notes that while 1/2 the theaters were still showing silent films at end of 1932 in France, the lack of sound theaters made the situation in the Soviet Union acute, as of May 1933, fewer than one out of every hundred film projectors in the country was as yet equipped for sound.

Since Lenin had already deemed film the most important art form of the 20th century, this shows that Soviet technology was not keeping pace with the more technologically advanced countries. The international capitalist boycott was possibly the main factor in this. How many other industries did the international capitalist boycott hinder?

RED DAVE
16th April 2011, 04:16
What happened between 1929 and 1934. ... Was it the concentration of power in the hands of Joseph Stalin?You called it, Stalin and the bureaucracy.

RED DAVE