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View Full Version : A century after Kautsky's "Road to Power"



el_chavista
22nd April 2010, 18:36
This is amazing: Does it exist or not a "Marxist revolutionary reformism"?


I discussed this question of the revolution in the Neue Zeit in December, 1893, and I will simply reproduce a portion of what was said there.
Kautsky, Der Weg zur Match [The Road to Power] , 1910, 3 Auflage, Berlín, pág. 57.

We are revolutionists, and this not simply in the sense that the steam engine is a revolutionist. The social transformation for which we are striving can be attained only through a political revolution, by means of the conquest of political power by the fighting proletariat. The only form of the state in which Socialism can be realized is that of a republic, and a thoroughly democratic republic at that.

The Socialist party is a revolutionary party, but not a revolution-making party. We know that our goal can be attained only through a revolution. We also know that it is just as little in our power to create this revolution as it is in the power of our opponents to prevent it. It is no part of our work to instigate a revolution or to prepare the way for it. And since the revolution cannot be arbitrarily created by us, we cannot say anything whatever about when, under what conditions, or what forms it will come.

We know that the class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat cannot end until the latter is in full possession of the political powers and has used them to introduce the Socialist society. We know that this class struggle must grow both extensively and intensively. We know that the proletariat must continue to grow in numbers and to gain in moral and economic strength, and that therefore its victory and the overthrow of capitalism is inevitable. But we can have only the vaguest conjectures as to when and how the last decisive blows in the social war will be struck. All this is nothing new ...

Since we know nothing concerning the decisive battles of the social war, we are manifestly unable to say whether they will be bloody or not, whether physical force will play a decisive part, or whether they will be fought exclusively by means of economic, legislative and moral pressure.

We are, however, quite safe in saying that in all probability the revolutionary battles of the proletariat will see a much greater predominance of these latter method over physical, which means military force, than was the case in the revolutionary battles of the bourgeoisie.

The one reason why the battles of the coming revolution will be less frequently fought out by military methods is to be found in the fact, which has been often pointed out, of the colossal superiority of the weapons of the present standing armies, as compared with the weapons in the possession of civilians, and which makes any resistance of the latter practically doomed to failure from the beginning.

On the other hand the revolutionary sections of today have better weapons for economic, political and moral resistance than was at the disposal of the revolutionaries of the eighteenth century. Russia is the only exception to this rule.

Freedom of organization and of the press and universal suffrage (under certain circumstances universal military duty) not only place weapons in the hands of the proletariat of modern nations which give them an advantage over the classes which fought the revolutionary battles of the bourgeoisie; these institutions shed a light upon the relative strength of the various parties and classes and upon the spirit that animates them, and this light was wholly lacking under absolutism.

FSL
22nd April 2010, 19:57
Does it exist or not a "Marxist revolutionary reformism"?



Of course it exists. It was even killing communists all the way back in 1919.

el_chavista
22nd April 2010, 20:19
Of course it exists. It was even killing communists all the way back in 1919.
Do you refer to the betrayal of the German socialdemocrats supporting the war credits for the First World War and so on?

chegitz guevara
23rd April 2010, 01:56
Well, look at what happened in Europe. All the revolutions that came about were not forced by the Marxists, until November, 1917. It wasn't until after the February Revolution that Lenin realized they had to make the proletarian revolution happen.

Die Neue Zeit
23rd April 2010, 02:31
Don't diss what is one of Kautsky's best works. In there is the authoritative definition of a revolutionary period. The reason why the party isn't "revolution-making" is because it takes two to tango: for the state to be decisively hostile to the working-class populace and for the state to lose internal confidence (breakdowns in the civil bureaucracy, the military, and the police).

Tower of Bebel
23rd April 2010, 08:09
This quote is a polemic against the "ultra-lefts". Further down the road you will find arguments against the reformist right. Of course Marxists don't make revolutions (get a blue pen, some cryons, one red paper, one white paper, a pair of scissors, some glue and a lot of imagination)! We shouldn't even instignate them either.

Die Neue Zeit
23rd April 2010, 14:00
Actually, the first argument against the reformist right was made in the very first chapter (the one against coalition governments). :p ;)

http://www.marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1909/power/index.htm

The more general argument against "legality at any price" is made later.

ComradeOm
24th April 2010, 16:53
The reason why the party isn't "revolution-making"...The reason that Kautsky's idealised party is not "revolution-making" is that it is, quite simply, never revolutionary. The Road to Power, and particularly that chapter quoted, is typical Kautsky in that it pushes any possible revolution far into the distant future. He was far more interested in preserving - through hopeless centrism, dogmatism, and obfuscation - the uneasy compromise that sustained the 'state within a state' that was the pre-war SPD. This was not an organisation that could survive intact the pressures of an actual revolution. No, no one can ever accuse Kautsky of "revolution-making"

And of course the communist party - containing the most militant and class concious sections of the proletariat - should be at the forefront of any revolution. Revolution cannot be conjured out of the air but to ignore the role of communists in fermenting and leading it is to both give into crass mechanicalism and to fundamentally misunderstand the nature of the party itself

Die Neue Zeit
24th April 2010, 21:25
The reason that Kautsky's idealised party is not "revolution-making" is that it is, quite simply, never revolutionary. The Road to Power, and particularly that chapter quoted, is typical Kautsky in that it pushes any possible revolution far into the distant future. He was far more interested in preserving - through hopeless centrism, dogmatism, and obfuscation - the uneasy compromise that sustained the 'state within a state' that was the pre-war SPD. This was not an organisation that could survive intact the pressures of an actual revolution. No, no one can ever accuse Kautsky of "revolution-making"

I think those of us interested in a Second International revival have irked you somewhat, especially after my commentary on Hugo Chavez's call for a new International and Michael Albert's critique (http://www.revleft.com/vb/participatory-socialist-internationali-t128368/index.html). :D

Lenin never criticized The Road to Power, except for the omission on the question of the state.

"Obtain without fail and re-read" (http://vimeo.com/6185755) (video)

Lars Lih even said elsewhere that the bureaucratic KPSS later on was inspired by the "state within a state" model set previously by the SPD. Notwithstanding its intricate ties to the Soviet state apparatus and Moshe Lewin calling the whole system a "no-party state," what was called the "Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza" had its own press, its own cultural organizations, its own sports clubs, and so on.

"The state within a state"/"alternative culture" was the orthodox Marxist and not reformist/pseudo-"realo" answer to what Die Linke's pseudo-"realo" Dietmar Bartsch called "paying attention to the daily demands and needs of workers without yielding its claim to revolutionary, anti-capitalist politics."

The Blanquists of the Paris Commune were ahead of the later Comintern and Trotskyist-"vanguardist" Nutters (and that sectarian mistake that was the Fourth International plus its Trotskyist successors), simply because, despite their shared elitism, the former wanted to establish a "state within a state." I don't want to further cite the Black Panthers and Hezbollah, but there is definitely a Realo pattern for "an outstanding role model for left politics today." :p


And of course the communist party - containing the most militant and class concious sections of the proletariat - should be at the forefront of any revolution. Revolution cannot be conjured out of the air but to ignore the role of communists in fermenting and leading it is to both give into crass mechanicalism and to fundamentally misunderstand the nature of the party itself

Revolutionary periods cannot be made by anything less than class-based mass parties. Sects or Class Parties? Your choice.